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Molecular Orbital Theory
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Chemistry
Molecular Orbital Theory
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21 Terms
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1
Σ orbital
________: cylindrically symmetric about the bond axis; no nodal plane along the bond axis.
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2
MO
In ________ theory, valence electrons are delocalized over the entire molecule, not confined to individual atoms or bonds.
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3
relative energy ordering
The ________ is σ2pz
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4
internuclear region
An electron in an antibonding MO will be excluded from the ________, and thus have a higher energy than if in an atomic orbital.
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5
energy differential
If the ________ is small, then the molecule is not as stable.
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6
𝜋 orbital
________ (bonding orbital): molecular orbital with a nodal plane along the bond axis.
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7
relative energy ordering
The ________ is 𝜋₂ₚₓ and 𝜋₂ₚy
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8
Bond order = ½ ( of bonding electrons
of antibonding electrons)
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9
σ orbital
cylindrically symmetric about the bond axis; no nodal plane along the bond axis
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10
1s
1s = σ₁ₛ* (antibonding MO)
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11
𝜋 orbital (bonding orbital)
molecular orbital with a nodal plane along the bond axis
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12
2pₓ
2pₓ = 𝜋₂ₚₓ*
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13
2pᵧ
2pᵧ = 𝜋₂ₚᵧ*
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14
𝜋 orbital (antibonding orbital)
MO with 2 nodal planes along the bond axis
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15
An electron in a bonding MO will be
attracted to both nuclei, and will be lower in energy (more stable) compared to an atomic orbital for a single nuclei
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16
An electron in an antibonding MO will be
excluded from the internuclear region, and thus have a higher energy than if in an atomic orbital
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17
N molecular orbitals can be created from
N atomic orbitals
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18
Molecular orbitals arise from
adding together (superimposing) atomic orbitals
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19
A linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) creates
molecular orbitals (bonding and antibonding orbitals)
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20
Bond order =
½ (# of bonding electrons - # of antibonding electrons)
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21
The relative energies of the σ2pz compared to the 𝜋₂ₚₓ or y orbitals depend on
the z value of the atoms
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