Social 20-1 Final Key terms

Nation

A collective sense of belonging and identity that is reflected in the minds of people through internalized feelings.

Nation-State

A territory with internationally recognized borders and a politically organized body of people under a sovereign government.

Sovereign

A nation-state that is recognized by other nation-states as having the right to govern themselves independently.

Ethnic Nation

A nation that is characterized by having one ethnicity.

Civic Nation

A nation that is made up of people who share certain political beliefs, regardless of their race, color, creed, gender, language, or ethnicity.

Diaspora

Any group migration or flight from a country or region, or any group that has been dispersed outside its traditional homeland.

Conscription crisis of WW1

The controversy surrounding the implementation of conscription (mandatory military service) during World War 1, particularly in Quebec and among Prairie farmers.

Meech Lake Accord

A constitutional agreement proposed in Canada to address the demands of Quebec, but was ultimately rejected by Manitoba, Newfoundland and Labrador, and New Brunswick.

Conscientious Objection

The act of refusing military service based on religious or moral views.

Genocide

An act committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group.

National Interest

The goal of a nation, including its survival, security, economic growth, power, and the maintenance of the quality of life for its people.

Foreign Policy

A set of goals that outline how a country will interact with other countries.

Nationalism

The collective, shared sense of belonging of people who identify themselves as a nation.

Imperialism

Domination by a country over another country's economic, political, or cultural institutions without seizing government control.

Militarism

The building up of one's own military to a large force, with it being a key ideal for the nation above all other interests.

Alliances

Great alliances in Europe, such as the Triple Alliance (Germany, Austro-Hungary, Italy) and the Triple Entente (Britain, France, Russia).

Expansionism

The idea that countries needed more land to accomplish their goals, often led by Germany, Italy, and Japan.

Treaty of Versailles

The treaty that ended World War 1 and imposed harsh conditions on Germany, leading to economic and military hardships.

War Guilt Clause

Germany was to take sole moral responsibility for the war, leading to a sense of humiliation and resentment.

German Unification

The process of uniting Germany into a single country, which led to economic strides and rivalries with other European powers.

Beginning of WW2

The militarization of Germany, elimination of political opposition, propaganda, scapegoating of Jews, and the pursuit of Lebensraum.

Munich Conference

A conference where France and England appeased Hitler by allowing him to take the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia.

Fascism

A political ideology characterized by the belief that the nation or race is above the individual in importance, unquestioned loyalty to the leader and country, and the elimination of political opposition.

WW2 Conscription Crisis

The implementation of the War Measures Act and the internment of "enemy aliens" in Canada during World War 2.

Stalinism

The policies and actions of Joseph Stalin, including collectivization of agriculture, rapid industrialization, and purges of perceived threats or undesirables.

Self-Determination

The ability and desire of a nation to fulfill its people's economic, social, cultural, and political needs to continue to exist and grow.

Peacekeeping & Peacemaking

The roles of providing security and intervening to maintain peace, often through military alliances and international cooperation.

Isolationism

A foreign policy in which a nation-state chooses not to become involved in the affairs of other nations.

Multilateralism

Various nations cooperating to pursue their interests and goals beyond their national borders.

Unilateralism

One state acting independently to pursue its interests, opposite of multilateralism.

Bilateralism

Two nations cooperating to pursue each nation's interests.

Continentalism

A theory of closer ties and cooperation among nations within a specific continent.

Supranationalism

Nations working together for the collective/global good, prioritizing humanity over individual nations.

BNA Act

British North America Act that led to the Confederation of Canada.

Statute of Westminster

Granted old colonies complete political freedom in foreign policy decisions.

Repatriation of the constitution

The process of transferring the constitution from England to Canada in 1982.

Creation of Maple Leaf Flag

The introduction of the new Canadian flag in 1965.

Quiet Rev

A period of change in Quebec during the 1960s, led by Premier Jean Lesage and the slogan "Maître Chez Nous" (Masters in our own House).

Multinational Model

A governmental structure with semi-autonomous nations functioning within a central union.

Parti Quebecois

A provincial party in Quebec advocating for separation.

Bloc Quebecois

A federal party in Ottawa focused on protecting Quebec's interests.

French Revolution

A series of events in France, including the overthrow of the absolute monarchy, the Ancien Regime, and the Reign of Terror, followed by the French Empire led by Napoleon.