Untitled Flashcards Set

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A psychological theory that categorizes human needs into a five-tier model, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.

Physiological needs

Basic needs essential for survival, including breathing, food, water, sleep, homeostasis, and excretion.

Safety and security needs

The need for safety and security, including physical, employment, resources, health, and family.

Love and belonging needs

The human desire for personal relationships, including friendship, family, and intimate connections.

Esteem needs

The need for self-esteem, confidence, achievement, and recognition from others.

Self-actualization

The realization of an individual's potential and self-fulfillment, pursuing personal growth and self-improvement.

Direct methods of satisfying needs

Strategies that involve hard work, setting realistic goals, and cooperating with others to fulfill needs.

Indirect methods of satisfying needs

Strategies using defense mechanisms to reduce unmet needs and alleviate tension.

Defense mechanisms

Unconscious strategies that help individuals cope with undesirable feelings or behaviors.

Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development

A theory that outlines eight stages through which a healthy developing individual passes from infancy to late adulthood.

Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy)

A stage where infants learn to trust their caregivers when consistently provided care.

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Toddler)

A stage where toddlers develop confidence in their ability to care for themselves.

Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschooler)

A stage where preschoolers initiate their own learning and if restricted, may develop guilt.

Industry vs. Inferiority (School-Age Child)

A stage where school-age children feel proud of their accomplishments but may feel inferior if they do not meet expectations.

Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence)

A stage where adolescents explore their identity and may experience confusion if they cannot establish a sense of self.

Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood)

A stage where adults reflect on their contributions to society and may feel a lack of value.

Ego Integrity vs. Despair (Later Adulthood)

A stage where older adults evaluate their lives; feeling fulfilled leads to integrity, while reflecting on failures may lead to despair.

Healthcare considerations for Infancy

Track growth patterns, ensure safety, and involve parents in care.

Healthcare considerations for Adolescence

Provide explanations with rationale, encourage questions, and facilitate involvement in decision-making.

Healthcare considerations for Later Adulthood

Encourage lifestyle changes, social activity, and support coping with loss.