Lipid Chemistry

Unsaturated

What type of lipids have double bonds?

Saturated

What type of lipids do not have double bonds?

2.25

Fats produce ______ times more energy than carbohydrates

True

True or False. Lipids are water insoluble.

Oilseeds

consist of soybeans, cottonseed, made up of 18-25% lipids

Grain

Consist of corn, milo, wheat, made up of 2-4% lipids

Tallow

fat found in animals

80-90%

What % is the normal digestibility of fat?

Fats

Usually of animal origin, Saturated, Solid at room temperature

Oils

Usually of plant origin, Unsaturated, Liquid at room temperature

Simple lipids

What type of lipids are true fats or waxes?

Compound lipids

What type of lipids are esters containing groups in addition to an alcohol and fatty acid (ie Phospholipids, Glycolipids, Lipoproteins)?

Derived lipids

What type of lipids are substances derived from the other two groups by hydrolysis (ie sterols and fatty acids)?

True fat

What type of simple lipids are esters of fatty acids with the alcohol glycerol and Sometimes called triglycerides (TG) or triacylglycerides (TAG)?

Waxes

What type of simple lipids are esters of fatty acids with alcohol other than glycerol and are simple and relatively non-polar ?

Phospholipids

What type of compound lipids are important for the cell membrane?

Glycolipids

What type of compound lipids contain carbohydrate and nitrogen but no phosphoric acid.

Lipoproteins

What type of compound lipids are lipids bound to proteins in blood and other tissue; includes chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL?

Chylomicrons

What type of lipoprotein is formed inside small intestine mucosal cells (enterocytes)?

out

Majority of fat carried transported _______ small intestine

VLDL

What type of lipoprotein Contain high levels of triglycerides, Transport lipids from liver to extra hepatic tissues, and Tissue cells secrete lipoprotein lipase (LPL) which breaks down TG to free fatty acids and glycerol, leaving LDLs?

HDL

What type of lipoprotein are High in protein, low in lipids, produced in liver and small intestines, and will bind excess cholesterol and carry back to liver for excretion?

not over 5:1

What is the ideal ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol?

A, D, E, K

What are the 4 fat soluble vitamins?

Lauric

What is the common name for Dodecanoic?

Myristic

What is the common name for Tetradecanoic?

Palmitic

What is the common name for Hexadecanoic?

Stearic

What is the common name for Octadecanoic?

Ketosis

What is the insufficient dietary energy intake in high producing animals may cause catabolism of body reserves needed for energy called?