AP Psych 121-160

pfhs vocab quiz

Dominant sense in human beings

Vision

Protective covering on the front of the eye

Cornea

Opening in the center of the eye, similar to a shutter on a camera

Pupil

CNS neurons that internally communicate & intervene between sensory inputs & motor outputs

Interneurons

Focuses light that enters the pupil as an inverted image onto the retina

Lens

Nerve leading from retina; carries impulses to occipital lobe of the brain

Optic Nerve

Special neurons in the retina responsible for night vision

Rods

Selective attention; you divide your attention but notice a name if you hear it

Cocktail party effect

Special neurons in the retina activated by color

Cones

Spot on retina; where optic nerve leaves retina, no rods or cones

Blind spot

Theory of color vision with 3 types of cones detecting primary colors

Trichromatic theory

Vibrations in the air collected by ears

Sound waves

Number of complete wavelengths that pass a point

Frequency

Theory that sensory receptors in retina are in pairs

Opponent-process theory

Tone's highness or lowness depends on frequency

Pitch

Factor that is manipulated in an experiment

Independent Variable

Sense of body movement and position; sense of balance

Vestibular Sense

Focusing attention on a particular stimulus

Selective Attention

Organized as a whole

Gestalt

Failure to see visible objects when attention is elsewhere

Inattentional Blindness

Organization of visual field; objects stand out from the background

Figure-Ground

Level of awareness about the environment

Consciousness

Brain waves appear active; dreaming occurs

REM sleep

Long-lasting change in behavior from experience

Learning

Person in classical conditioning with stimulus

Unconditioned stimulus

Elicits a natural reflexive response

Unconditioned response

When CS no longer elicits a CR

Extinction

Organism responds only to specific CS

Discrimination

Tendency to respond to similar conditioned stimuli

Generalization

Classically conditioned organism to have a negative response to a conditioned stimulus

Aversive Conditioning