AP Psych 121-160

131. Dominant sense in human beings – Vision

132. Protective covering on the front of the eye – Cornea

133. Opening in the center of the eye, similar to a shutter on a camera – Pupil

134. CNS neurons internally communicate & intervene between the sensory inputs & motor outputs – Interneurons

135. Focuses light that enters the pupil as an inverted image onto the retina – Lens

136. Nerve leading from retina; carries impulses to occipital lobe of the brain – Optic Nerve

137. Special neurons in the retina that are responsible for night vision – Rods

138. Selective attention; you divide your attention but notice a name if you hear it – Cocktail party effect

139. Special neurons in the retina that are activated by color – Cones

140. Spot on retina; optic nerve leaves retina, no rods or cones – Blind spot

Vocabulary

141. Theory of color vision: we have 3 types of cones that detect primary colors – Trichromatic theory

142. Vibrations in the air collected by ears – Sound waves

143. # of complete wavelengths that pass a point – Frequency

144. Theory: sensory receptors in retina are in pairs – Opponent-process theory

145. Tone’s highness or lowness depends on frequency – Pitch

146. Factor that is manipulated – Independent Variable

147. Sense of body movement/position; sense of balance – Vestibular Sense

148. Focusing attention on a particular stimulus – Selective Attention

149. Organized as a whole – Gestalt

150. Failure to see visible objects when attention is elsewhere – Inattentional Blindness

Notes

151. Organization of visual field; objects stand out from background – Figure-Ground

152. Level of awareness about the environment – Consciousness

153. Brain waves appear active, dreaming occurs – REM sleep

154. Long-lasting change in behavior from experience – Learning

155. Person in classical conditioning with stimulus – Unconditioned stimulus

156. Elicits a natural reflexive response – Unconditioned response

157. When CS no longer elicits a CR – Extinction

158. Organism responds only to specific CS – Discrimination

159. Tendency to respond to similar conditioned stimuli – Generalization

160. Classically conditioned organism to have a negative response to a conditioned stimulus – Aversive Conditioning