the force that is being acted upon/the force that is being lifted
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3
True or False: Weight is a unit of force
True
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4
Effort Distance:
The effort forces distance from the fulcrum
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5
Load Distance
The load forces distance from the fulcrum
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6
What does a mechanical advantage of 2 mean?
The effort distance is twice as large as the load distance; the load force is twice as large as the effort force
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7
Is more effort force required if the load distance is greater?
Yes
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8
What is mechanical advantage?
How useful or helpful a machine is;
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9
True or False: The mechanical advantage has units
FALSE
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10
What is Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) and what is used to calculate it?
The theoretical mechanical advantage; Uses effort and load distance
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11
What is Actual Mechanical Advantage (AMA) and what is used to calculate it?
Realistic Mechanical advantage; takes into account energy loss, wind resistance, etc. Uses effort and load force
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12
What is the formula for AMA?
Load force divided by effort force
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13
What is the formula for IMA
Effort distance divided by Load distance
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14
True or False: AMA will always be greater than IMA
False; AMA will always be less than
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15
How do you calculate the efficiency of a machine?
AMA divided by IMA; will never be 100 percent
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16
What is considered a mechanical advantage?
If the MA is less than 1
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17
What does a mechanical advantage of 0.25 or 1/4 mean?
4x more effort force is required; Effort distance is 4x closer to the fulcrum than the load distance
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Why operate a machine with a mechanical advantage of 1?
To lift a load as high as possible with the least amount of effort
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19
What is the mechanical advantage if the effort distance is 6 cm and the load distance is 12cm?
1/2
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20
What is moment
Rotational force ; Force times distance
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21
How does moment work in a first class lever?
Load force causes moment in one direction; effort force causes moment in the opposite direction
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22
How do you increase the magnitude of a moment?
Increase the distance
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23
How can a 4kg and 5 kg stack of bricks balance?
The 4kg stack is 5 spaces away; the 5kg stack is 4 spaces away from the fulcrum
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What are characteristics of a first class lever?
The load and effort distance are on opposite sides of the fulcrum; the effort and load force are exerted in the same direction
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What are characteristics of a second class lever?
The fulcrum is on the end; The load force is exerted in the middle; the effort distance is always greater than the load distance; Effort and load forces are exerted in opposite directions; Effort is on the end
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What are characteristics of a third class lever?
Fulcrum is on the end; Effort and load forces are exerted in opposite directions; Effort force is always closer to the fulcrum than the load force; Load is on the end
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27
True or False: The Mechanical Advantage of a third class lever will always be greater than 1?
False: the MA will always be less than 1 since the effort force is closer to the fulcrum
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28
What is the MA of a second class lever?
MA>1
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What class lever is the most efficient?
2nd; the effort distance is always farther away meaning less force is required to lift the load
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