Physics - Section 4.1+2: Changes in Motion & Newton's First Law
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35 Terms
any push or pull on an object
force
acceleration
what does force cause?
newton N
what is the SI unit of force?
the amount of force that, when acting on a 1kg mass, produces an acceleration of 1m/s2
what is the newton defined as?
1kg ⋅ m/s2
1N is equal to what?
the gravitational force between an object and the earth
what does weight measure?
force that arises from the physical contract of two objects
contact force
force that can exist between objects, even in the absence of physical contact between the objects
field force
gravity or electromagnetic forces
example of a field force
attraction or repulsion
what do we notice between electrical charges?
its magnitude and direction
what does the effect of a force depend on?
diagram that shows force vectors as arrows
force diagram
diagram that is used to analyze only the forces affecting the motion of a single object
free-body diagram
the net external force acting on an object
what is a free-body diagram used to find?
an object at rest remains at rest, an object in motion continues in motion with constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force
newton’s first law
an object’s tendency to resist a change in its motion
inertia
the greater its inertia
the more mass an object has
it states that in the absence of forces, a body will preserve its state of motion
why is newton’s first law often referred to as the law of inertia?
a single force that acts on an object as a result of the interaction between the object and its environment
external force
the total force resulting from a combination of external forces on an object; sometimes called the resultant force
net external force
many forces are acting on it
objects can be in equilibrium even when
the weight of an object
what is the force of attraction?
in the direction of FW
how does the plane prevent motion of object?
the normal FN
what is the force that is perpendicular to the surface of the plane referred to as?
FP
what is the other component that acts parallel to the plane referred to as?
the force exerted by the object perpendicular to the incline, or the amount of the object’s weight supported by the incline
what does FN represent?
the component that tends to move the object down the incline
what does FP represent?
frictionless
the plane is assumed to be what?
the net external force acting on the object must be equal to zero
what condition must be met for an object to be in true equilibrium?
the state in which there is no change in a body’s motion
equilibrium
a large acceleration and would rapidly come to a stop
what would a car undergo in a collision?
because of its inertia
why does the large mass under the seat continue to slide forward along the tracks?
the pin connection between the mass and rod
what causes the rod to pivot and lock the ratchet wheel in place?
when the mass under the seat moves forward along the tracks in which the rod pivots and locks the ratchet wheel in place due to the pin connection
at what point does the harness no longer unwind, and the seat belt holds the passenger firmly in place?
no, the net force is zero because the object is at rest so therefore the object is an equilibrium. A example of a force that would be acting on the object would be gravity
if an object is at rest, can we conclude that there are no forces acting on it?