biochem- carbs and glycoconjugates

glycogen

• Type of polymer: homo highly branch

• Monosaccharide composition: glucose

• Glycosidic bond: alpha(1-4) links and alpha(1-6)links

• Function: energy storage

• Location in living organism/cell: animal

starch

• Type of polymer: homo branch amylopectin, linear amylose

• Monosaccharide composition: glucose

• Glycosidic bond:  alpha(1-4) links and alpha(1-6)links

• Function: energy storage

• Location in living organism/cell: plants

cellulose

• Type of polymer: homo, linear

• Monosaccharide composition:glucose

• Glycosidic bond: B1->4 linkage

• Function:structural support 

• Location in living organism/cell: plant cell walls

peptidoglycan

• Type of polymer: hetero, linear w cross links 

• Monosaccharide composition: N acetyl glucosamine, N acetylmuramic acid 

• Glycosidic bond: B1->4 linkage

• Function: structural support 

• Location in living organism/cell: bacterial cell walls

glycoaminoglycan

• Type of polymer: hetero, linear 

• Monosaccharide composition: amino sugar+ uronic acid 

• Glycosidic bond: B and alpha linkages

• Function: lube + structural support

• Location in living organism/cell:  extracellular matrix animals 

Proteoglycans

• Type of polymer: hetero, branched, proteins and glycosaminoglycans 

• Location in cell:ECM+ cell surface

• Does it contain glycosaminoglycans: yes

  • EX: Aggregan, decorin

glycoproteins

• Type of polymer: proteins+ oligosaccharides

• Location in cell: cell membrane - secreted proteins

• Does it contain glycosaminoglycans: no ( mostly)

• EX: antibodies, hormones, erythropoietin

glycolipid

• Type of polymer: protein + carbohydrate 

• Location in cell: cell membrane 

• Does it contain glycosaminoglycans: no

• EX:gangliosides, cerebrosides