6-5

What is a key feature of all plants?

Plants are eukaryotes with organelles.

Plants are classified as __ organisms.

Multicellular.

What surrounds plant cells?

Cell wall.

Plants evolved from __.

Algae, approximately 440 million years ago.

What are autotrophs in the context of plants?

Organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis in chloroplasts.

Give an example of a carnivorous plant.

Venus Fly Trap, Sundew, or Pitcher Plant.

What are the four growth factors essential for plant growth?

Sunlight, Temperature, Gas Exchange (O2 and CO2), Water & Minerals.

Which type of plants were the first land plants?

Seedless Nonvascular plants.

How do seedless nonvascular plants reproduce?

They reproduce with spores made inside capsules.

What is a characteristic of seedless vascular plants?

They were the first forests and reproduce by releasing spores.

What do xylem and phloem do?

Xylem moves water; Phloem moves nutrients.

What are conifers known for?

They have vascular tissue, reproduce with cones, and include species that can grow large and far from water.

What is a Female cone’s role in reproduction?

It produces exposed plant eggs (the female gamete).

What distinguishes flowering plants?

They have vascular tissues, organs, flowers, and fruit.

What is pollination?

A form of mutualism aiding in flower reproduction by distributing pollen.

Why do flowering plants have the greatest diversity?

Due to pollination and genetic recombination, they have 220,000 more species than the next largest group.

What role do plants play in food webs?

They are producers, acting as the primary source of carbohydrates.

What is one important role of decomposition in nutrient cycles?

It provides nutrients to the community.

What types of relationships do plants have in their environment?

Symbiotic relationships (all types).