APUSH Unit 2 Test

French and Indian War

1754-1763

Stamp Act Congress

__9 of 13 colonies__

* statement of __rights and grievances__
* __boycott__ of British goods

(EX: don’t wear clothes from England)

2nd Continental Congress

* May 1775, __Philadelphia__
* __Congress is divided__
* NE; talk of __independence__
* Middle; __negotiate__

Things said in 2nd CC

1. __“Declaration of Causes and Necessities for Taking Up Arms”__ (colonies provide troops)
2. __Washington__ appointed as __Commander__ in Chief

Olive Branch Petition

* July 1775
* __John Dickinson__
* __Ceasefire__
* Repeal Coercive Acts

__**(still loyal to king)**__

Treaty of Alliance

__**1778**__

* US and France will be __allies__

Treaty of Paris

1783

* John Adams
* John Jay
* Benjamin Franklin

France wants to go in on the treaty with the US

* US says __no__
* __good decision__

Results of Treaty of Paris

* Brits recognize __American Independence__
* All land __east of Mississippi River to US__
* __**Loyalists must be paid back for losses**__
* Spain gets Florida
* No mention of Native Americans

Republican Motherhood

Mothers were expected to raise their families on democratic ideals

Abigail Adams

“Remember the ladies”

Haughty

arrogantly superior

Articles of Confederation

* __**problems over western lands**__
* designed to keep the __power with the states__
* designed to be a __temporary gov.__

AoC could not…

tax or regulate treaties

Land Ordinance of 1785

policy for __selling land__ in the west to __pay off debt__

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

* procedure for __admitting new states__
* __no slavery__ in the Northwest territories

Shays’ Rebellion

* Shays was a farmer and war vet
* __rallied the farmers__; taxes and land foreclosure
* rebellion __shut down tax collection__ offices and __debtors courts__
* __mobocracy__

Mobocracy

government has no power to control the rebellion

Philadelphia Convention

1787

Great Compromise

Connecticut Plan

* upper house (__Senate__): __equal vote__
* lower house (__House of Representatives__): based on __population__

Joseph Brant

helps loyalists in New York

Federalists

* __supporters of Constitution__
* paper made for justification for passing the constitution; in favor of ratification
* Jay, Hamilton, Madison

Anti-Federalists

* __fear of concentrated power__
* constitution needs written __safeguards for the people__
* __favor the legislative__ branch over the executive branch

Outcomes of the French and Indian War

Friction develops between England and the colonies (differences in paradigms); __**territorial changes**__

\
England

* __colonies did not support the war, weak, and needed protection__

Colonies

* __myth of English invincibility shattered__
* __don’t need protection__ and certainly __will not pay for it__

Proclamation of…

1763

Colonial response to the Stamp Act

The colonies felt the __tax was unfair__- No taxation without representation

(England claimed __**“virtual representation**__**”**)

* __protest__ and __boycotting__ in the colonies

Stamp Act

1765

Tea Act

issue was __not price__ but that they __only had one choice of tea__

British response to the Boston Tea Party

__Intolerable Act__ (Coercive and Quebec)

* __Boston Harbor closed__
* __more power__ to the __governor of Massachusetts__ (less to legislature)

\
* French can be __Catholic__
* __no representative government__
* Southern __boundary extended__

Thomas Paine’s arguments in Common Sense

* __monarchy/liberty do not mix__
* a __large continent cannot be controlled__ by a small distant island
* __**It is okay to rebel against the king**__

\
(pushes the undecided to the revolution side)

Importance of the Battle of Saratoga

the __turning point of the war__

* now the French feel it is worth helping the colonies

Loyalists

roughly __20 to 30%__ of population

Loyalists were usually…

* __wealthy__
* believed __England__ to be __unbeatable__
* British __veterans__
* new __immigrants__ who __resented the plantation elites__

Final draft of Declaration of Independence finished by Jefferson

July 4, 1776

List of grievances vs the king

* __no taxation without representation__
* no __trial by jury__
* __standing army__ in times of peace
* hiring __mercenaries__

Albany Congress

1st attempt at unity

NY not happy with Quartering Act

most troops ended up in their homes

Declaratoy Act passes

affirms Parliament’s control over the Colonies

Townshend Duties

* tax on __glass, paint, lead, and tea__
* revenue raised will __pay Colonial judges and governors__

1st Continental Congress

* __response__ to the __Intolerable Acts__
* __defend rights__ short of war and __discuss forms of protest__

Jonathan Edwards

important __preacher__ during the __Great Awakening__

* his sermon __"Sinners in Hands of an Angry God"__ was an __example of God's forgiveness__ in a sinful world
* the purpose of his work was to __address challenges__ churches were having with __commitment and membership__

American Revolution

1775-1782

Necessary to appease the south

3/5 compromise