PLSC211 Final (no IDs)
0.0(0)
Studied by 14 people0.0(0)
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt PlayCard Sorting
1/70
Study Analytics
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
|---|
No study sessions yet.
71 Terms
1
New cards
woody plants
plants that have hard stems and bufd that survive above ground in winter
2
New cards
herbaceous plants
plants without a persistent, above ground woody stem
-stems die back to the ground each year
-may be flowers, vegetables, grasses, ferns, or vines
-stems die back to the ground each year
-may be flowers, vegetables, grasses, ferns, or vines
3
New cards
what does cultivar mean
'cultivated variety'
4
New cards
what are 7 different root structures
bulb, corm, tuber, fibrous, taproot, rhizome, creeping
5
New cards
bulb
rounded underground storage organ consisten of a short stem surrounded by fleshy scale leaves or leaf bases, lying dormant over winter
6
New cards
corm
rounded underground storage organ consisting of a swollen stem base covered with scale leaves
7
New cards
tuber
much thickened underground part of a stem or rhizome, serving as food reserve and bearing buds from which new plants arise
8
New cards
fibrous roots
composed mainly of branches rather than one principle root
-found in many herbaceous PERENNIALS esp grasses
-are important for soil formation and fertility
-may be deep to shallow
-found in many herbaceous PERENNIALS esp grasses
-are important for soil formation and fertility
-may be deep to shallow
9
New cards
taproot
straight tapering root growing vertically downwards and forming the center from which subsidary rootlets spring
-often deep
-often deep
10
New cards
rhizome
continuously growing horizontal undergrounf stem which puts out lateral shoots and adventitious roots at interfals
-usually shallow
-usually shallow
11
New cards
creeping (running and stolons)
a plant whose stems spread along the ground and root by means of adventitious roots
-runners: creeping stems with short internodes
-stolons: creeping stems with long internodes
-runners: creeping stems with short internodes
-stolons: creeping stems with long internodes
12
New cards
asteraceae (asters)
composites of many small flowers in a disk like flowerhead
-ex: eutrochium spp, rudbeckia fulgida, solidago spp, liatris spicata, symphyotrichum spp
-ex: eutrochium spp, rudbeckia fulgida, solidago spp, liatris spicata, symphyotrichum spp
13
New cards
ranunculaceae (buttercups)
dicots with 3 or more simple pistils, usually with hooked tips
-ex: anemone x hybrida, clematis spp.
-ex: anemone x hybrida, clematis spp.
14
New cards
poaceae (grasses)
grassy plants with knee like nodes on hollow flower stems
-ex: schizachyrium scoparium, hakonechloa macra, andropogon virginicus, chasmanthium latifolium
-ex: schizachyrium scoparium, hakonechloa macra, andropogon virginicus, chasmanthium latifolium
15
New cards
lamiaceae (mints)
square stalks and opposite leaves, usually aromatic
-ex: pycnanthemum muticum, salvia guaranitica, monarda spp
-ex: pycnanthemum muticum, salvia guaranitica, monarda spp
16
New cards
cyperaceae (sedges)
sedges have edges! (triangular shaped stems)
-ex. carex spp
-ex. carex spp
17
New cards
cupressaceae (conifer, cypresses)
evergreen trees or shrubs with small scaly leavea and separate male and female cones, typically woody or leathery
-ex: juniperus spp, taxodium spp, cryptomeria japonica
-ex: juniperus spp, taxodium spp, cryptomeria japonica
18
New cards
fabaceae (legumes)
beans, peas, have classic pea pods, funky flower shapes
-ex: senna marlandica, gleditsia triacanthos, gymnogladus dioicus
-ex: senna marlandica, gleditsia triacanthos, gymnogladus dioicus
19
New cards
rosaceae (roses)
usually 5 petals, serrated leaves, 5 styli
-ex: physocarpus opulifolius, aronia melanocarpa, rosa rugosa
-ex: physocarpus opulifolius, aronia melanocarpa, rosa rugosa
20
New cards
asparagaceae (asparagus)
lots of variation, but often with central stalk, basal leaves and rooting from bulbs or corms
-ex: hosta spp, yucca spp
-ex: hosta spp, yucca spp
21
New cards
iridaceae (iris)
lily like flowers with leaves in a flat plane
-ex: crocus imperata, iris cristata, sisyrinchium angustifolium
22
New cards
what are hardiness zones
zones that predict where different plants are expected to thrive
23
New cards
what are 7 things you should consider before planting
orientation, light conditions, soil moisture, other soil conditions, hydrology (where water comes from), plant size (predictable mature size), manmade structures
24
New cards
what are 9 characteristics you can use to help with woody plant ID?
leaves, flower/bloom time, fruit, buds/twigs, bark, habit/size, fragrance, who is eating it
25
New cards
what are 4 characteristics you can use for fern ID?
base of frond, compound, size, habitat
26
New cards
what are the 3 types of fern frond bases
broad, tapering, semi tapering
27
New cards
what are the 3 types of fern compounds?
once cut, twice cut, thrice cut
28
New cards
what is 1 of the main differences between white oaks and red oaks?
-white oaks: leaves with rounded lobes
-red oaks: leaves with pointed lobes
-red oaks: leaves with pointed lobes
29
New cards
what are 4 things to consider when designing with foliage?
colorful foliage, texture, fall foliage color, herbaceous evergreens
30
New cards
invasive species legal definition
non native to the ecosystem under consideration
-whos introduction causes (or is likely to cause) economic or enviromental harm, or harm to human health
-whos introduction causes (or is likely to cause) economic or enviromental harm, or harm to human health
31
New cards
what are 3 ways invasive species can get here?
travel, horticulture trade, pet trade
32
New cards
what are 5 problems caused by invasive species
ecosystem damage, spread easily, economic problem, supports other non natives or native pests, wildfire risk is worse
33
New cards
what are 5 ways invasive plants naturally spread?
creeping, prolific/travelling seeds, rhizomes, roots easily, allelopathyh
34
New cards
what are 6 ways humans help invasive species spread
invasive seeds/berries in birdfeeders, soil/topsoil/straw market, in seed mixes, horticultural trade, pets, vehicles
35
New cards
what are 7 things people can do to help get rid of invasive plants?
-dispose of invasives carefully
-check seed mixes
-check to see if clothing/fur/vehicle does not have any seeds or plants
-volunteer to pull out invasives
-don't move material around without getting them tested
-plant native plants
-don't buy non native/invasive plants
-check seed mixes
-check to see if clothing/fur/vehicle does not have any seeds or plants
-volunteer to pull out invasives
-don't move material around without getting them tested
-plant native plants
-don't buy non native/invasive plants
36
New cards
red summer plants
\-lobelia cardinalis
\-hibiscus moscheutos
\-lonicera sempervirens
\-mondarda didyma
\-hibiscus moscheutos
\-lonicera sempervirens
\-mondarda didyma
37
New cards
red fall plants
\-ceratostigma plumbaginoides
\-epimedium x rubrum
\-aronia arbutifolia
\-oxydendrum arboreum
\-quercus coccinea
\-epimedium x rubrum
\-aronia arbutifolia
\-oxydendrum arboreum
\-quercus coccinea
38
New cards
red winter plants
\-ilex cornuta
\-ilex opaca
\-ilex verticillata
\-aronia arbutifolia
\-huechra cultivargive
\-ilex opaca
\-ilex verticillata
\-aronia arbutifolia
\-huechra cultivargive
39
New cards
3 orange summer plants
\-asclepias tuberosa
\-kniphofia uvaria
\-huechra cultivar
\-kniphofia uvaria
\-huechra cultivar
40
New cards
3 orange fall plants
\-fothergilla gardenii
\-dryopteris erythrosora
\-diospyros virginiana3 o
\-dryopteris erythrosora
\-diospyros virginiana3 o
41
New cards
3 orange winter plants
\-andropogon virginicus
\-acer griseum
\-lagerstroemia indica
\-ilex verticillata cultivar
\-hurchra cultivar
\-acer griseum
\-lagerstroemia indica
\-ilex verticillata cultivar
\-hurchra cultivar
42
New cards
3 yellow summer plants
\-senna marlandica
\-rudbeckia fulgida
\-opuntia humifusa
\-hypericum “hidecote”
\-hypericum frondosum
\-rudbeckia fulgida
\-opuntia humifusa
\-hypericum “hidecote”
\-hypericum frondosum
43
New cards
3 yellow fall plants
\-solidago rugosa
\-solidago flexicaulis
\-helianthus angustifolius
\-liriodendron tulipifera
\-ginkgo biloba
\-amsonia hubrichtii3
\-solidago flexicaulis
\-helianthus angustifolius
\-liriodendron tulipifera
\-ginkgo biloba
\-amsonia hubrichtii3
44
New cards
3 yellow winter plants
\-huechra cultivar
\-chimonanhis praecox
\-hamamelis virginiana
\-chimonanhis praecox
\-hamamelis virginiana
45
New cards
3 blue summer plants
\-ceratostigma plumbaginoides
\-festuca glauca
\-symphyotrichum oblongifolia
\-hypericum frondosum
\-hypericum kalmianum3 bl
\-festuca glauca
\-symphyotrichum oblongifolia
\-hypericum frondosum
\-hypericum kalmianum3 bl
46
New cards
3 blue fall plants
\-ceratostigma plumbaginoides
\-festuca glauca
\-juniperus chinensis
\-juniperus virginiana
\-conoclinium coelestinum
\-schizachyrium scoparium
\-festuca glauca
\-juniperus chinensis
\-juniperus virginiana
\-conoclinium coelestinum
\-schizachyrium scoparium
47
New cards
3 blue winter plants
\-festuca glauca
\-cedrus atlantica “glauca”
\-cedrus deodora cultivar
\-picea pungens
\-juniperus chinensis
\-juniperus virginiana3 b
\-cedrus atlantica “glauca”
\-cedrus deodora cultivar
\-picea pungens
\-juniperus chinensis
\-juniperus virginiana3 b
48
New cards
3 purple summer plants
\-lobelia siphilitica
\-symphyotrichum novae-angliae
\-symphyotrichum oblongifolium
\-platycodon grandiflorus
\-hosta spp
\-clematis x jackmanii3 p
\-symphyotrichum novae-angliae
\-symphyotrichum oblongifolium
\-platycodon grandiflorus
\-hosta spp
\-clematis x jackmanii3 p
49
New cards
3 purple fall plants
\-vernonia novaboracensis
\-vernonia lettermannii
\-conoclinium coelestinum
\-symphyotrichum novae-angliae
\-symphyotrichum oblongifolia
\-rhus aromatica “grow low”
\-vernonia lettermannii
\-conoclinium coelestinum
\-symphyotrichum novae-angliae
\-symphyotrichum oblongifolia
\-rhus aromatica “grow low”
50
New cards
3 purple winter plants
\-cotinus coggygria
\-huechra cultivar
\
unsure, only went over 2 in class
\-huechra cultivar
\
unsure, only went over 2 in class
51
New cards
3 pink summer plants
\-echinacea purpurea
\-phlox paniculata
\-asclepias incarnata
\-eutrochium spp
\-lagerstroemia indica
\-phlox paniculata
\-asclepias incarnata
\-eutrochium spp
\-lagerstroemia indica
52
New cards
3 pink fall plants
\-hylotelephium telephium
\-leucanthemum x superbum
\-achillea millefolium cultivar
\-lagerstroemia indica
\-camellia japonica
\-rosa “radrazz” knockout3
\-leucanthemum x superbum
\-achillea millefolium cultivar
\-lagerstroemia indica
\-camellia japonica
\-rosa “radrazz” knockout3
53
New cards
3 pink winter plants
\-camellia japonica
\
unsure, only had this one in class
\
unsure, only had this one in class
54
New cards
flowers for birds (berries, nuts, seeds)
\-echinacea purporea
\-helianthus angustifolius
\-quercus spp
\-ilex spp
\-monarda didyma
\-monarda punctata
\-eutrochium spp
\-symphyotrichum spp
\-fagus grandifolia
\-rudbeckia fulgida
\-aronia arbutifolia
\-aronia melanocarpa
\-diospyros virginiana
\-euonymous americana
\-andropogon virginicus
\-panicum virgatum
\-rubus odoratus
\-arctostaphylos uva-ursi
\-helianthus angustifolius
\-quercus spp
\-ilex spp
\-monarda didyma
\-monarda punctata
\-eutrochium spp
\-symphyotrichum spp
\-fagus grandifolia
\-rudbeckia fulgida
\-aronia arbutifolia
\-aronia melanocarpa
\-diospyros virginiana
\-euonymous americana
\-andropogon virginicus
\-panicum virgatum
\-rubus odoratus
\-arctostaphylos uva-ursi
55
New cards
plants for hummingbirds (nectar)
\-lonicera sempervirens
\-kniphofia uvaria
\-lobelia cardinalis
\-monarda didyma
\-bignonia capreolata
\-kniphofia uvaria
\-lobelia cardinalis
\-monarda didyma
\-bignonia capreolata
56
New cards
3 wet shade plants
\-metteuccia struthiopteris
\-osmunda regalis
\-illicium floridanum
\-osmundastrum cinnamomeum
\-fothergilla gardenii
\-osmunda regalis
\-illicium floridanum
\-osmundastrum cinnamomeum
\-fothergilla gardenii
57
New cards
3 average shade plants
\-metteuccia struthiopteris
\-hosta spp
\-adiantum pedatum
\-hydrangea quercifolia
\-hydrangea macrophylla
\-epimedium x rubrum
\-ilex opaca
\-hosta spp
\-adiantum pedatum
\-hydrangea quercifolia
\-hydrangea macrophylla
\-epimedium x rubrum
\-ilex opaca
58
New cards
3 dry shade plants
\-eurybia divericata
\-solidago flexicaulis
\-epimedium x rubrum
\-ilex opaca
\-solidago flexicaulis
\-epimedium x rubrum
\-ilex opaca
59
New cards
3 wet part shade plants
\-chelone lyonii
\-chelone glabra
\-taxodium distichum
\-lobelia cardinalis
\-lobelia siphilitica
\-carex grayi
\-fothergilla gardenii
\-chelone glabra
\-taxodium distichum
\-lobelia cardinalis
\-lobelia siphilitica
\-carex grayi
\-fothergilla gardenii
60
New cards
3 average part shade plants
\-hydrangea paniculata
\-adiantum pedatum
\-solidago flexicaulis
\-carex grayi
\-aronia arbutifolia
\-ilex opaca
\-adiantum pedatum
\-solidago flexicaulis
\-carex grayi
\-aronia arbutifolia
\-ilex opaca
61
New cards
3 dry part shade plants
\-eurybia divericata
\-rhus aromatica
\-solidago flexicaulis
\-ilex opaca
\-rhus aromatica
\-solidago flexicaulis
\-ilex opaca
62
New cards
3 wet sunny plants
\-quercus palustris
\-hibiscus moscheutos
\-quercus bicolor
\-scirpus cyperinus
\-taxodium distichum
\-asclepias incarnata
\-cephalanthis occidentalis
\-vernonia novaborasensis
\-lobelia cardinalis
\-lobelia siphilitica
\-hibiscus moscheutos
\-quercus bicolor
\-scirpus cyperinus
\-taxodium distichum
\-asclepias incarnata
\-cephalanthis occidentalis
\-vernonia novaborasensis
\-lobelia cardinalis
\-lobelia siphilitica
63
New cards
3 average sunny plants
\-ceratostigma plumbaginoides
\-hylotelephium telephium
\-hypericum frondisum
\-hypericum “hidecote”
\-lobelia cardinalis
\-lobelia siphilitica
\-coreopsis verticillata
\-panicum virgatum
\-aronia arbutifolia
\-hylotelephium telephium
\-hypericum frondisum
\-hypericum “hidecote”
\-lobelia cardinalis
\-lobelia siphilitica
\-coreopsis verticillata
\-panicum virgatum
\-aronia arbutifolia
64
New cards
3 dry sunny plants
\-quercus velutina
\-ceratostigma plumbaginoides
\-hylotelephium telephium
\-hypericum frondosum
\-hypericum “hidecote”
\-rhus aromatica “grow low”
\-comptonia peregrina
\-senna marlandica
\-achillea millefolium
\-ceratostigma plumbaginoides
\-hylotelephium telephium
\-hypericum frondosum
\-hypericum “hidecote”
\-rhus aromatica “grow low”
\-comptonia peregrina
\-senna marlandica
\-achillea millefolium
65
New cards
what are some things to consider for groundcover plants
\-shade tolerant in most cases
\-good for sun/slopes
\-spreads out pretty quickly, especially in slopes so it can hold the soil
\-rhizomatous roots (help it spread)
\-throws out a lot of seeds
\-low to the ground
\-good for sun/slopes
\-spreads out pretty quickly, especially in slopes so it can hold the soil
\-rhizomatous roots (help it spread)
\-throws out a lot of seeds
\-low to the ground
66
New cards
groundcover plants (not evergreen)
\-ceratostigma plumbaginoides
\-geum fragaroides
\-eurybia divericata
\-solidago flexicaulis
\-achillea millefolium
\-conoclinium coelestinum
\-coreopsis verticillata
\-monarda didyma
\-scutellaria incana
\-pycnanthemum muticum
\-physostegia virginiana
\-hakonchloa macra
\-dennstaedtia punctiloba
\-polystichum acrostichoides
\-rhus aromatica “grow low”
\-fothergilla gardenii
\-comptonia peregrina
\-geum fragaroides
\-eurybia divericata
\-solidago flexicaulis
\-achillea millefolium
\-conoclinium coelestinum
\-coreopsis verticillata
\-monarda didyma
\-scutellaria incana
\-pycnanthemum muticum
\-physostegia virginiana
\-hakonchloa macra
\-dennstaedtia punctiloba
\-polystichum acrostichoides
\-rhus aromatica “grow low”
\-fothergilla gardenii
\-comptonia peregrina
67
New cards
groundcover plants (semievergreen and fully evergreen)
\-geum fragaroidea
\-chasmanthium latifolium
\-shizachyrium scoparium
\-andropogon virginicus
\-juniperus procumbens “nana”
\-cotoeaster salicifolius
\-carex pensylvanica
\-epimedium x rubrum
\-chasmanthium latifolium
\-shizachyrium scoparium
\-andropogon virginicus
\-juniperus procumbens “nana”
\-cotoeaster salicifolius
\-carex pensylvanica
\-epimedium x rubrum
68
New cards
\-epimedium x rubrum
\-ceratostigma plumbaginoides
\-carex spp
\-achillea millefolium
\-huechra villosa
\-huechra cultivars
\-symphyotrichum oblongifolium
\-geranium “rozanne”
\-festuca glauca
\-hylotelephium telephium
\-coreopsis verticillata
\-coreopsis rosea
\-cotoneaster salicifolius
\-hakonechloa macra
\-opuntia humifusa
\-ceratostigma plumbaginoides
\-carex spp
\-achillea millefolium
\-huechra villosa
\-huechra cultivars
\-symphyotrichum oblongifolium
\-geranium “rozanne”
\-festuca glauca
\-hylotelephium telephium
\-coreopsis verticillata
\-coreopsis rosea
\-cotoneaster salicifolius
\-hakonechloa macra
\-opuntia humifusa
69
New cards
2-4 ft
\-pycnanthemum muticum
\-rhus aromatica “grow low”
\-osmundastrum cinnamomeum
\-osmunda regalis
\-echinacea purpurea
\-rudbeckia fulgida
\-liatris spicata
\-chelone lyonii
\-chelone glabra
\-amsonia hubrichtii
\-muhlenbergia capillaris
\-anemone x hybrida
\-hypericum spp
\-perovskia atriplicifolia
\-monarda didyma
\-monarda punctata
\-comptonia peregrina
\-rhus aromatica “grow low”
\-osmundastrum cinnamomeum
\-osmunda regalis
\-echinacea purpurea
\-rudbeckia fulgida
\-liatris spicata
\-chelone lyonii
\-chelone glabra
\-amsonia hubrichtii
\-muhlenbergia capillaris
\-anemone x hybrida
\-hypericum spp
\-perovskia atriplicifolia
\-monarda didyma
\-monarda punctata
\-comptonia peregrina
70
New cards
>4 feet
\-callicarpa dichtoma
\-callicarpa americana
\-rosa “radrazz” knockout
\-fagus grandiflora
\-fagus slvatica
\-acer spp
\-quercus spp
\
literally any of the trees
\-callicarpa americana
\-rosa “radrazz” knockout
\-fagus grandiflora
\-fagus slvatica
\-acer spp
\-quercus spp
\
literally any of the trees
71
New cards