AP psych - consciousness

Awareness

1. sensory

2. self -emotions -feelings

3. Freud stuff

Altered States

-when asleep -> less aware of self
-sleeping, dreaming, drug use, hypnosis

Why sleep?

1. it allows us to conserve energy, repair damage to the body, and store and organize information.

2. rid waste - in the brain -> if not asleep, not able to "rid waste" -physical -mental

3. immune system - sick; injured

How? (much)

1. Babies = 10-14 hours (maybe 20)

2. Adults = 7-9 hours

3. Sleep Debt - hard to get rid of

Circadian Rythms

1. 24 bio clock

2. jet lag

3. melatonin (hormone) - sun -> hypothalamus -> pineal gland

4. manage what time we go to bed

Sleep Stages

brain waves

1. Stage 1 - alpha waves: neural activity decreases

2. Stage 2 - sleep spindles: neural activity decreasing. Easily woken up.

3. Stage 3 & 4 - "deep sleep" - delta waves : brain is least active. Feel worse after getting 8 hrs. of sleep.

4. REM

REM

- "Paradoxical Sleep": Brain extremely active -> body is "locked down"; body doesn't move.
- Dreaming
- Rapid eye movement

Cycles

20 minute nap = coffee; 6-8 hrs. of energy; Stage 1 & 2 90 minutes = more energy (boost); Awake -> REM Stage 3 & 4 - danger zone

1. 3/4 -> REM; REM increases the longer you sleep

2. REM Rebound - put body in REM earlier & stay in longer

3. Most in stage 2

Dreaming

Pons

1. Evolution -threat perception

2. Biological -long-term potentiation/info processing (memory consolidation) -Activation Synthesis

3. Psychoanalytic (Freud) -unconscious: work through conflicts in a safe way through dreaming -manifest vs. latent content

4. Psychodynamic (Carl Jung) -collective unconscious

memory consolidation

rerunning routs in brain

threat perception

fear, loneliness, embarrassment, etc.

activation synthesis

random things in dream

manifest content

story of the dream - part you remember

latent content

hidden meaning of a fantasy or dream

collective unconscious

cloud; google doc; Things are connected in a universal way. Things are the same to everybody

where does dreaming occur in the brain?

pons

how many sleep cycles does a person go through each night

5-6

Sleep Disorders

1. Insomnia & Depression

2. Sleep Apnea

3. Narcolepsy

4. Somnambulism

5. Night Terrors

6. Sleep Paralysis

Insomnia & Depression

can't sleep (SSRI, therapy, sleep hygiene)

Sleep Apnea

stop breathing -> wake up (sent to stage 1-2) (snore)
mask send oxygen to lungs (c - pap)

Narcolepsy

random fall asleep midday (sleep attack)
destruction of cells in hypothalamus
simulant drugs

Somnambulism

sleep walk / talk (stage 4)

Night terrors

sleep screaming / crying

Sleep Paralysis

REM; body on lockdown but you are aware; hallucinate

Ambien & Lunesta

drugs that cause sleep walking and talking

Hallucinogens

alter serotonin levels (happy)

1. marijuana

2. LSD/ACID

3. Psilocybin/Shrooms

marijuana

THC (paranoia)

LSD/ACID

dunk paper in acid and let dry; consume

Psilocybin / Shrooms

vomit (eat) Perception is altered

Stimulants

dopamine, adrenaline -> give you boost

1. Caffeine

2. Nicotine

3. Cocaine -> crack

4. Amphetamines -> meth

5. MDMA/Ecstasy

Caffeine & Nicotine

increase heart conditions (cancer, heart attack, etc.)

Cocaine

coca leaves; stimulant

Amphetamines

Narcolepsy prescribed

MDMA/Ecstasy

touch, handsy, lights and music look and sound different

Depressants

GABA (increases) inhibitor heart rate/respiration slows

1. Alcohol -slur speech -cerebellum -hippocampus (memory)

2. Opiates (+endorphins) -morphine; heroine

3. Barbiturate's/Benzodiazepines -Anti-anxiety -think less -Xanax

Alcohol

Decrease frontal lobe activity & nervous system

Addiction

1. Tolerance

2. Dependence

3. Withdrawal

Tolerance

how much/need to take

dependence

don't feel right without it

withdrawal

negative effects of not having it

Relaxed but not awake

consciousness narrows

suggestion

post hypnotic suggestion
placebo effecting

role playing

naturalistic (actor playing)

Samesies

relaxed but not awake

Biofeedback

measure heart rate/blood pressure