Ap World History 1450-1750

Safavid-Mughal conflict

Shi’a Safavids vs Sunni Mughals

Janissaries

Elite military troop in the Ottoman army

Devshirme system

Ottoman system of recruiting soldiers from among the children of their Christian subjects

Samurai

Elite, highly trained soldiers in Japan

Qing imperial portraits

Legitimized rule in China

Versailles

Huge palace in France, legitimized power in France

Incan sun temple

Legitimized rule in Incan empire

Divine right

Legitimized rule in Europe, saying that the ruler had a divine right to rule from god

Zamindar tax collection

Tax collection system used in Mughal empire, Zamindars (local elites) given the right to collect taxes but give some revenue to the imperial treasury

Tax farming

Tax collection system used in Ottoman Empire, state auctioned tax collecting rights to highest bidder

Sunni Islam

Mohammeds successor should be elected for the job

Shi’a Islam

Only Mohammeds blood relatives should succeed him

Sikhism

Islam + Hinduism

Fluyt

Dutch cargo vessel, facilitated travel

Compass

Shows direction, facilitated transoceanic travel

Trading post empire

Imperial trade network established by foreign country (e.g. Portugal)

Chattel slavery

Enslaving and owning humans and their offspring as property

Important things from new world to old world

Tobacco, rubber, potatoes

Important things from old world to new world

Bubonic plague, sugar, smallpox, cattle

Important things from Africa to new world via slaves

Okra, rice

Encomienda system

Spains labor system that rewarded conquerors with labor of non Christian people

Hacienda system

Large estate in Spanish America, hacendados bound to land by debt

VOC

Dutch East India Company

Mercantilism

Maximize exports, minimize imports

Joint-stock company

Business owned by investors who own based on $ contributed, often founded by states

Atlantic system

Voodo

Syncretic religion, Vodun + Catholicism

Pueblo revolts

Pueblo indians revolt against Spanish rule in New Mexico

Maratha conflict

Maratha confederacy vs. British East India Company

Haitian wars for independence

Slave revolt against masters

Maroon societies

Group of descendants of indigenous Americans and Africans who resisted being enslaved and escaped to form their own settlements

Restrictive Qing policies against Han

Forbade Han immigrants to settle in the region

Zamindars

Collected taxes on behalf of Mughal empire

Boyars

Highest rank of Slavic society