Canine Head - Nasal and Oral Cavities - Paranasal Sinuses

Dorsal boundary of nasal cavity

Nasal bone

Ventral boundary of nasal cavity

Hard palate

Lateral boundary of nasal cavity

Maxillary bone

Rostral opening of nasal cavity

Nostrils/external nares and philtrum

Philtrum

Median groove between nostrils

Caudal opening of nasal cavity

Choanae/internal nares

Nasal cavity function

Warms and humidifies air through a rich vascular network

Choncae

Bony scrolls (turbinate bones) covered by nasal mucosa

Alar fold

Features of the ventral nasal conchae that gives a unique appearance from the outside when looking into the nose

What two anatomical features are found within the alar fold of the ventral nasal choncae?

• Mucosal fold

• Nasolacrimal duct

What are the three types of choncae?

1. Doral nasal conchae

2. Ventral nasal conchae

3. Ethmoidal conchae

Ethmoidal conchae

The most caudal conchae; it lays against the ethmoid bone

What are the four nasal passages?

1. Doral meatus

2. Middle meatus

3. Ventral meatus

4. Common meatus

Nasal septum

Continuous cartilaginous structure that separates the halves of the nasal cavity

Common nasal meatus

Nasal passages that are just lateral to the nasal septum on either side of the nasal septum

Paranasal sinuses

Diverticula of the nasal cavity that are lined by mucous membranes

What do paranasal sinuses do?

• Communicate with nasal cavity

• May offer thermal and mechanical protection to the orbit and various cavities

What are the two paranasal sinuses?

1. Frontal sinus

2. Maxillary sinus (recess)

Divisions of the oral cavity

1. Vestibule

2. Oral cavity proper

What features are found on the roof of the mouth?

1. Hard palate

2. Rugae

3. Raphe

4. Incisive papilla

What features are found on the floor of the oral cavity?

1. Sublingual fold

2. Sublingual caruncle

3. Frenulum

What two glands are associated with the sublingual caruncle?

1. Mandibular salivary gland

2. Monostomatic salivary gland

Frenulum

Connective tissue structure that holds the tongue down to the floor

Divisions of the tongue

1. Root

2. Body

3. Apex

What are the two major parts of the tongue?

1. Median sulcus

2. Papillae

What kinds of papillae are found on the tongue?

1. Filiform

2. *Fungiform

3. *Foliate

4. *Vallate

5. Conical

What papillae of the tongue have taste buds?

1. Fungiform

2. Foliate

3. Vallate

Significance of conical papillae

They point caudally, which helps keep food from falling out of the mouth/keeps food moving towards the esophagus

Canine permanent dental formula - upper

3-1-4-2 (incisors, canine, premolars, molars)

Canine permanent dental formula - lower

3-1-4-3 (incisors, canine, premolars, molar)

Canine upper carnassial tooth

P4

Canine lower carnassial tooth

M1