GI Pharm Review Kahoot Questions

Which laxative forms a gel to increase stool bulk?

Psyilium

Which adverse effect is common with stimulant laxatives?

Abdominal cramp

Why do avoid magnesium laxatives in CKD?

concern for magnesium accumulation

How does polyethylene glycol work?

pulls H2O into the colon

Docusate works by what mechanism?

It is a softener that decreases surface tension

Loperamide reduces diarrhea by?

activating Mu receptors

Major risk with loperamide misuse?

QT prolongation

Bismuth subsalicylate works by?

Antisecretory + antimicrobial properties

Why is atropine added to diphenoxylate?

a. increases motility

b. prevents abuse

c. improves absorption

d. reduce sedation

b. prevents abuse

Common effect of antimotility agents?

Constipation

Rifaximin works by?

Reducing the number of gut bacteria (it is an antibiotic!)

TCAs help IBS-D due to?

anticholinergic effects

Best class for IBS-C?

a. TCAs

b. SSRIs

c. antihistamines

d. anticholinergis

SSRIs (ie. fluoxetine)

Dicyclomine works by?

a. blocking muscarinic receptors

b. blocking serotonin

c. increasing motility

d. blocking dopamine

a. blocking muscarinic receptors

PPIs reduce acid by?

a. blocking histamine

b. neutralizing acid

c. inhibiting proton pump

d. increasing mucus

c. inhibiting proton pump

Long term PPI risk?

a. hypercalcemia

b. C. diff infection

c. bradycardia

d. hypoglycemia

b. C. diff infection

H2 blockers work by?

a. block proton pumps

b. block histamine receptors

c. neutralizing acid

d. increasing prostaglandins

b. block histamine receptors

Sucralfate mechanism?

a. reducing acid

b. coating ulcer surface

c. increasing motility

d. blocking histamine

b. coating ulcer surface

Misoprostol works by?

a. blocking acid

b. replacing prostaglandins

c. neutralizing acid

d. blocking serotonin

b. replacing prostaglandins

Common adverse effect of misoprostol?

a. constipation

b. diarrhea

c. QT prolongation

d. hyperkalemia

contraindication?

B. diarrhea

Pregnancy

Ondansetron mechanism?

a. blocking dopamine

b. blocking 5HT3 receptors

c. blocking histamine

d. blocking muscarinic receptors

b. blocking 5HT3 receptors

Ondansetron major adverse effect?

a. EPS

b. QT prolongation

c. sedation

d. hyperglycemia

b. QT prolongation

Metoclopramide works by?

a. blocking histamine

b. blocking dopamine

c. blocking serotonin

d. blocking prostaglandins

b. blocking dopamine

Serious metoclopramide adverse effect?

a. QT prolongation

b. tardive dyskinesia

c. hyperkalemia

d. bleeding

b. tardive dyskinesia

Scopolamine works by?

a. blocking histamine

b. blocking dopamine

c. blocking muscarinic receptors

d. blocking prostaglandins

c. blocking muscarinic receptors

Lactulose treats HE by?

a. killing bacteria

b. reducing ammonia absorption

c. increasing protein metabolism

d. blocking serotonin

b. reducing ammonia absorption

Rifaximin in HE works by?

a. increasing motility

b. killing ammonia producing bacteria

c. blocking dopamine

d. increasing bile flow

b. killing ammonia producing bacteria

Spironolactone works by?

a. blocking sodium channels

b. antagonizing aldosterone

c. increasing potassium excretion

d. blocking RAAS

b. antagonizing aldosterone

Common spironolactone adverse effect?

a. hyperkalemia

b. gynecomastia

c. QT prolongation

d. hypernatremia

b. gynecomastia

Role of corticosteroids in IBD?

a. kill bacteria

b. reduce inflammation

c. increase motility

d. block histamine

b. reduce inflammation

Why do we not use long term steroids in IBD?

a. ineffective

b. no remission

c. significant side effects

d. poor absorption

c. significant side effects

Inflixamab works by?

a. blocking IL2

b. blocking TNF alpha

c. blocking dopamine

d. blocking histamine

b. blocking TNF alpha

Major risk of anti-TNF medications?

a. hyperglycemia

b. infection reactivation

c. QT prolongation

d. seizures

b. infection reactivation

Azathioprine works by?

a. blocking cytokines

b. inhibiting purine synthesis

c. blocking TNF

d. increasing motility

b. inhibiting purine synthesis

Major azathioprine adverse effect?

a. HTN

b. bone marrow suppression

c. QT prolongation

d. constipation

b. bone marrow suppression