Eduqas History: Economic Downturn and Recovery

When was the Wall Street Crash?

29th October 1929

How did the Wall Street Crash affect employment?

It caused 13 million to become unemployed by 1932

How many hobos (vagabonds) were there in 1932?

2 million

What was unemployment at the end of 1929?

2.5 million

When was there drought during the Depression?

1931

The alternatives homes that some people build were named after the President at the time of the crash. What were they called?

Hoovervilles

What was the name of the unemployed people that drifted across the country?

Hobos

What was black unemployment in 1933?

50% (20% for whites)

Because of the 'dust bowl' more than 1 million people left their homes to look for work. What were those from Oklahoma nicknamed?

Okies

What fell from 1.23 million in 1929 to 982000 in 1932?

Marriages

What increased from 12.6 per 1000 people in 1926 to 17.4 in 1932?

Suicide

Who were the Bonus Marchers?

World War 1 veterans who wanted their war bonuses early

What did the Bonus Marchers do?

They marched to Washington to request their bonuses

When did the Bonus Marchers march to Washington?

May and June 1932

How did Hoover respond to the Bonus Marchers?

He sent an army to disperse them and to destroy the Hooverville that they had built

Which political party did Herbert Hoover belong to?

Republicans

What theories did Hoover believe in?

Rugged individualism and laissez-faire

In what year did Hoover pass the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act?

1930

Name one measure Hoover introduced in 1932.

Home Loan Bank Act, Emergency Relief Act, Reconstruction Finance Corporation

How much did Hoover give to state governments?

$300 million

When did Hoover give money to state governments?

July 1932

When did Hoover become president?

1929

When did Roosevelt become president?

1933

What was the period of time called after Roosevelt was president?

The Hundred Days

What did Roosevelt do in his Hundred Days? (name 3)

He closed all banks for 10 days, He provided $500m for emergency relief, he spent $3,300 million on large public spaces, set up the Alphabet Agencies to boost employment

How many people listened to his fireside chats?

60 million

How many people were employed by the CCC by 1941?

2 million

By how much did incomes rise by in 3 years by 1936?

1.5

How many people did the TVA supply cheap electricity to?

7 million

What is Keynesian economics?

The Cycle of Recovery

What happened in January 1935?

Roosevelt issued the Second New Deal

By the end of 1934, how many unemployed people were there?

10 million

How did unemployment fall from 1933 to 1937?

From 24.9 million to 14.3 million

In terms of the government, was the New Deal successful?

No - it gave too much power to the federal government

Roosevelt restored people's ______ in the government

faith

How many Black Americans were unemployed by the CCC?

Around 200,000

How many women were employed by the CCC?

8000

Who did the New Deal help the most?

men and the elderly

Who did the New Deal help the least?

Women and Black Americans

When was the US vs Butler case?

1936

What ocurred as a result of the US vs Butler case?

The AAA was deemed illegal

When was the Sick Chickens case?

1935

What occured as a result of the Sick Chickens case?

The NRA was deemed illegal

Did Republicans like the New Deal?

No

Why did Roosevelt face challenges to pass acts?

The Supreme Court was made up of many Republican judges, who mainly disagreed with his beliefs

What did Roosevelt do in February 1937?

He threatened judges to remove them

Name 2 individuals who opposed the New Deal

Huey Long, Dr Frances Townsend

When was the New Deal?

1933

Hoover cut ____ by _____

taxes, $130 million

When was the CCC created?

1933

When was the TVA established?

1933

When was the AAA created?

1933

When was the NRA declared unconstitutional?

1935

The New Deal aimed to deliver the 3 R's. What did they stand for?

Relief, Reform and Recovery

What is the period from 9th March to 16th June 1933 more commonly known as?

Hundred Days

How many banks had closed in the 12 months before Roosevelt became President?

2000

What did the AAA stand for?

Agricultural Adjustment Agency

Name one of the Acts that formed part of the Second New Deal introduced in 1935.

Works Progress Administration, National Labour Relations Act (Wagner Act), Fair Labour Standards Act, Social Security Act.

Which groups opposed the New Deal for doing too much and being un-American?

Republicans, Rich families, Large business, American Liberty League, Conservative Democrats, Supreme Court judges.

Name one of the court cases that showed opposition of the New Deal

US v Butler, Sick Chickens Case