The Crusades Unit 6 Topic 2

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10 Terms

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The Crusades
Series of wars (1096 - 1291) between Christians and Muslims over control of the Holy Land.
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Holy Land
The region that includes Jerusalem and parts of Israel, which was the focus of the Crusades.
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Council of Clermont
A meeting in 1095 where Pope Urban II called for the First Crusade and granted indulgences to those who fought.
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Plenary indulgence
A full pardon for sins that was granted to those participating in the Crusades.
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Crusader States
Seven kingdoms/dominions established in the Holy Land after the capture of Jerusalem in 1099.
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Outremer
A term used to refer to the Crusader states in the Holy Land.
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Fall of Jerusalem
The capture of Jerusalem by Muslim forces under Saladin in 1187.
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Saladin
The Muslim leader who captured Jerusalem in 1187 during the Crusades.
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Effects of the Crusades
Included increased religious tension, heightened trade with the Middle East, and a rise in papal authority.
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Sack of Constantinople
The attack by crusader forces on Constantinople in 1209, leading to further divisions between Catholics and Orthodox Christians.