World History FINAL EXAM

Civil Disobedience

refusal to obey laws as a way of forcing the government to do or change something

United Nations

was created after World War 2 to provide an international forum to develop positive relations between countries and promote peace around the world.

(MAIN) causes of WWI

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism

Propaganda

something that might not be true but is used to convince the opposing side.

Treaty of Versailles

a significant document that marked the end of WWI, which punished Germany for starting the war.

Cause of WWII

Germany's invasion of Poland in September 1939 marked the beginning of the war.

Industrial Revolution

a period in which the production of good shifted from hand productions methods to complex machines.

Industrial Revolution impact on lives of men

employment in factories

Industrial Revolution impact on lives of women

broader range of occupations outside of home

Industrial Revolution impact on lives of children

worked with dangerous machinery, lack of education

Geographic changes in Europe after WWI

Germany lost land. The Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary was broken up into a bunch of countries.

Cause of the Great Depression

WWI and too much debt, the stock market crash, drought and dust bowl.

Effects of the Great Depression

unemployment, poverty and homelessness

How boundaries changed from 1815 to 1914

countries were engaging in imperialism

Mahatma Gandhi

leader of the peaceful civil disobedience movement in India

Appeasement

making concessions to an aggressor in the hopes of avoiding war.

Antisemitism and the Holocaust

Jews were targeted through discrimination/ laws, ghettos, and mass extermination

White Man's Burden

Europeans believe they were superior and had a duty to civilize other races

Capitalism vs. Communism

Capitalism supports private business and freedom; communism promotes state control and equality.

Impact of imperialism on indigenous societies

Widespread loss of land, population decline

Imperialism

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

Agricultural Revolution and population growth

enabled a more reliable and abundant food supply leading to increased survival rates, which resulted in rapid population growth.

Impact of imperialism and barriers/opportunities for future development and political independence in imperialized nations around the world

had a profound and lasting impact on former colonial nations worldwide, leaving a complex legacy of economic, political, and social challenges.

Fascism

A political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance of opposition

Socialism

A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production.

Communism

a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership

Failures of the League of Nations

failed to stop Japan from expansion into Manchuria, failed to stop Germany when they pulled out of the league and militarized

Rise of Hitler and Nazis

Adolf Hitler became powerful in Germany by promising solutions after World War I problems.

Appeasement

Accepting demands in order to avoid conflict

Impact of geography on military strategy

influencing everything from troop movement and logistics to the overall shape of campaigns and the types of weapons used

Impact of global war

the destruction of infrastructure, displacement of populations, and disruptions to global trade and supply chains are just some of the immediate effects.

Chinese Revolution

began with the overthrow of the Chinese imperial system and ended with the triumph of the Communist Party under the leadership of Mao Zedong.

Armenian Genocide

the Turkish government organized the department of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire and over a million were murdered or starved

Ukrainian Genocide

Soviet leader Josef Stalin became dictator and killed farmers, known as Kulaks.

Chinese Genocide

Due to the fact that Mao was trying to modernize, he led the country into a famine and an estimated death toll of 20 to 30 million, resulting in an ultimate failure.

Holocaust

A methodical plan orchestrated by Hitler to ensure German supremacy. It called for the elimination of Jews.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

document issued by the UN to promote basic human rights and freedoms

NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries

Warsaw Pact

An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to the NATO

Arms Race

Cold war competition between the U.S. and Soviet Union to build up their respective armed forces and weapons

Space Race

A competition of space exploration between the United States and Soviet Union.

Nuclear Proliferation

the spread of nuclear weapons production technology and knowledge to nations without that capability