Hon AP1 Unit 1 Quiz Study Guide

What was Seneca Falls famous for?

It was famous for being the birthplace of American feminism. It held the first women's rights convention in the United States.

What was discussed in the Declaration of Sentiments: Women's Rights Conference?

Women should have the same right as men, and if not, they have the right to create a new government for themselves. Rights given to men by the Declaration of Independence should be given to women as well.

What was the abolitionist movement and who was in it?

The abolitionist movement was the social and political effort to end slavery everywhere. The movement was led by people like Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth and John Brown.

What methods did abolitionists use to end slavery?

These groups sent petitions with thousands of signatures to Congress, held abolition meetings and conferences, boycotted products made with slave labor, printed mountains of literature, and gave speeches for their cause.

What was the Southern Response in defense of Slavery?

The southerners were not happy. They wanted to keep slavery so that they could continue free labor for themselves and prosper in the slaves' hard work.

Concerns the South had about the Removal of Slavery:

Economic impact, unemployment, chaos, uprisings, mobs, anarchy, crops not being produced.

Attempted "justification" as to why the South continues to enslave people:

Natural state of mankind, Jesus didn't approve, Bible is pro-slavery, they're well cared for, they were property, biologically inferior, society was already stable

Who was William Lloyd Garrison and what was his slogan?

An abolitionist; No Union With Slaveholders

Who was Wendell Philips and what did he believe?

An abolitionist; It is impossible for free and slave states to unite on any terms

The constitution and government was heavily influenced by ______ in the mid 1800s.

slaveowners

What was the Fugitive Slave Act?

An act that required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state. It also made the federal government responsible for finding, returning, and trying escaped slaves.

What did the Compromise of 1850 do?

The Compromise of 1850 overturned the Missouri Compromise and left the overall issue of slavery unsettled.

What was the Missouri Compromise?

Missouri entered the Union as a slave state, Maine entered as a free state, and the 36'30” line was established as the dividing line regarding slavery for the remainder of the Louisiana Territory.

How did the North and the South react to the Compromise of 1850?

Neither side was pleased. The northerners were forced to abide by the South's slavery. California was added as a free state, and the slave trade was outlawed in Washington D.C.

What is Stephen Douglas known for?

Douglas supported U.S. territorial expansion and desired a transcontinental railroad, a free land/homestead policy, and the formal organization of U.S. territories. It was these desires that led to Douglas's most famous piece of legislation: the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

What was the Kansas Nebraska act?

The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise, created two new territories (Kansas and Nebraska open to slavery), and allowed for popular sovereignty. It also produced a violent uprising known as “Bleeding Kansas,” as proslavery and antislavery activists flooded into the territories to sway the vote.

What was Bleeding Kansas?

An outbreak of war between the North and South over whether Kansas would be a free or a slave state. Proslavery and antislavery activists flooded into the territories to sway the vote. Kansas was admitted as a free state. It also led to the creation of the Republican Party, and led the events forward to the civil war.

What does Jefferson's deleted document from the Declaration of Independence prove?

Jefferson wanted to include a section that detailed that the British King carried men into slavery and that it was wrong. That all men means all men.

What led to Dred Scott suing Sanford?

Was a slave at birth, but went to a free state. Is the individual free if they go to a slave state?

Majority Opinion Scott v. Sanford

The individual is not free if they go to a free state. They are property and not citizens. They were intentionally not included in the constitution and have no right to sue.

Dissenting Opinion Scott v. Sanford

Black Americans were free people and citizens in America's history. All in the US were native born inhabitants and had equal rights.

Frederick Douglas and Abraham Lincoln's Opinion on Scott v. Sanford

Both saw the Declaration of Independence as saying that the people meant everyone.

Long Term Impact Dred Scott Decision

Established that enslaved persons had no rights in federal court. Declared that slave states no longer had to honor the "once free, always free" rule. Led to the Civil War.

Lincoln's House Divided Speech Summary

Lincoln countered that the Dred Scott decision the previous year had already opened the doors for slavery to be legal in the north, as well as all territories that the U.S. expanded into. If the U.S. wanted to be a free country, he argued, it had to act now before it was too late.

What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

Announced that all slaves held in rebellion states will be free. In some areas, like Maryland, the slaves were still enslaved (Preserve Union). If the Southerners wanted to not be deemed in rebellion, they had to seek admission back into the union. Lincoln wanted the now free slaves to fight for them in the military.

How Slavery Ended in America

Slaves went to Fort Monroe, to fight for the North. Butler kept them. The slaves were happy to work as free men. The odds were in the North's favor.

How did Black Americans fight for their own freedom?

Black Americans fought for their own freedom by joining the Union and helping out in the cause. Hundreds of thousands of men, forming their own army, made the North bigger and stronger. The black Americans worked hard at jobs that needed filling, giving the North even higher odds. Risking their lives to join the North and their cause is enough reason to explain that they wanted their freedom badly.

How and why did the Union army provide refuge for people who escaped enslavement?

The Union army provided refuge for people who escaped enslavement by first calling them enemy property seized for hostel reasons, since the South wanted to secede. After so many came, they decided that they wanted to keep them to free them and to greater their chances in defeating the South. With these black Americans free of slavery, they were able to form a bigger, stronger army and were able to get work done faster with mass sets of helpful, willing hands.

How did reform efforts and activist groups change American Society and institutions?

They brought the issues into public discussion and allowed for changes to how society functioned.

How did disagreements over the expansion of slavery lead to the Civil War?

The war began because a compromise did not exist that could solve the difference between the free and slave states regarding the power of the national government to prohibit slavery in territories that had not yet become states. All the disagreements of all the documents + the Dred Scott decision led the war forward.

Abraham Lincoln Candidate (Party, Position on Slavery, Position on the Union, Location of National Support)

Republican; Against; Preserve the Union; North

Stephen Douglas Candidate (Party, Position on Slavery, Position on the Union, Location of National Support)

Northern Democratic; Use popular sovereignty; Preserve the union; West

John C. Breckinridge Candidate (Party, Position on Slavery, Position on the Union, Location of National Support)

Southern Democratic; Legal in all states; Preserve the Union, unless the Government tries to ban slavery; South

John Bell (Party, Position on Slavery, Position on the Union, Location of National Support)

Constitutional Union; No position; Preserve the Union; Border States

How did Lincoln get more electoral votes without winning a single southern state?

There was a higher population of people in the Northern states.

Election of 1860 Split

Lincoln 180, Douglas 12, Breckinridge 72, Bell 39

What year was the Missouri Compromise?

1820

What year was the Declaration of Sentiments (Women's Rights Conference)?

1848

What year was the Fugitive Slave Act (Compromise of ____)?

1850

What year was the Kansas Nebraska Act?

1854

What year was the Supreme Court Ruling on Dred Scott?

1857

What year was Lincoln's House Divided Speech?

1858

What year was the Emancipation Proclamation?

1863