cells and organelles

rough ER

makes protein and transports them for export

smooth ER

lacks ribosomes on surface, makes andd transports lipids and sterols

ribosomes

functions in protein synthesis -> proteins play a role in many diseases

golgi

package secretions - proteins, etc. can modify secretions -> necessary for systems to work together to maintain homeostasis -> makes lysosomes

centriols

functional role during cell reproduction-forms a spindle aids in chromosome separation -> only functions during cell reproduction -> can replicate

peroxisomes

use oxygen to detoxify substances - found in liver

lysosomes

breaks down and reuses cell parts -> numerous in white blood cells - digest bacteria

mitochondria

where most cell respiration takes place -> makes ATP

vacuole

contains substances we bring into the cell or want to export from the cell -> food, waste, secretion

nucleus

largest organelle in the cell -> contains genetic material

nucleolus

contains a lot of RNA and proteins -> builds ribosomes

nuclear envelope

holes in it so substances can enter and excite -> pores allow mRNA out by DNA is too big to fit through

cytoplasm

made up a fluid portion, cytoskeleton and chemicals -> solutions with dissolves ions

cytoskeleton

made up of microtubles -> supports the cell and holds organelles in place

what do prokaryotes and eukaryotes both have

cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA as their genetic material, and cytoplasm contains the necessary molecules for cellular processes

what does a prokaryote have that a eukaryote doesn't

less organelles -> no membrane bound organelles (bacteria, archea)

what does a eukaryote have that a prokaryote doesn't

a nucleus, membrane bound organelles, larger volume (protests, algae, fungi, plants, animal)