IOS Block 3 First Aid Anatomy HY

what does SAD PUCKER represent?

the retroperitoneal structures that can cause blood or gas in retroperitoneal space

what ligament connects the liver to anterior abdominal wall>

falciform ligament

which GI ligaments are derivatives of ventral mesentery?

falciform, hepatoduodenal, heaptogastrric

which GI ligaments are derivatives of dorsal mesentery?

gastrocolic, gastrosplenic, spelnorenal

which GI ligaments contains the portal triad?

hepatoduodenal

which GI ligament contains the gastric vessels?

hepatogastric

which GI ligament contains the gastroepiploic vessels?

gastrocolic

which GI ligament contains the splenic artery/vein and tail of pancreas?

spelnorenal

what are the layers of gut wall?

inside to outside: MSMS

Mucosa (epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosa);

Submucosal (Meissner plexus, secretes fluid)

Muscularis externa (Auerbach plexus, motility)

Serosa (intraperitoneal) vs adventitia (retroperitoneal)

where do slow waves originate?

interstitial cells of Cajal

where do you find nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium in GI?

esophagus

which cells in gastric glands are pink?

parietal cells (eosinophilic)

which cells are basophilic in gastric glands?

chief cells

what are Brunner’s glands?

bicarbonate secreting cells of submucosa in duodenum

what are crypts of Leiberkuhn?

contain stem cells that replace enterocytes/goblet cells and submucosa located in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum and colon

Contain Paneth cells that secrete defensins, lysozyme, TNF

does the colon have villi?

no

what secretes defensins, lysozyme, and TNF?

paneth cells in crypts of Lieberkuhn

what cell type do colonic crypts have a lot of?

goblet cells

where are the largest number of goblet cells located in GI?

ileum

what are lymphoid aggregates in lamina propria, submucosa?

peyer patches in ileum

where are plicae circulares located?

distal duodenum, jejunum, proximal ileum

what is nutcracker syndrome?

compression of left renal vein between SMA and aorta

what syndrome causes abdominal (flank) pain, gross hematuria, left sided varicocele?

nutcracker syndrome

what is superior mesenteric artery syndrome?

intermittent intestinal obstruction symptoms (postprandial pain) when SMA and aorta compress third portion of duodenum

what vertebral level does the celiac artery arise?

T12/L1

what originates at L1?

SMA

what comes of the aorta at L3?

IMA

what conditions occur above the pectinate line?

internal hemorrhoids, adenocarcinoma

what conditions occur below the pectinate line?

external hemorrhoids, anal fissures, SCC

what is an anal fissure?

tear in anoderm below pectinate line

what is pain with pooping, blood on toilet paper, low fiber diet, constipation signs of?

anal fissure located posterior midline because it is poorly perfused

where is vit A stored in liver?

hepatic stellate (Ito) cells in space of Disse

what is the double duct sing?

blockage of ampulla of Vater causing blockage of common bile duct and pancreatic duct leading to cholangitis and pancreatitis

what type of cancer is common in head of pancreas?

ductal adenocarcinoma

what is courvoisier sign?

enlarged gallbladder with jaundice due to obstruction of common bile duct

what is hourglass stomach associated with?

sliding hiatal hernia