Review of Non-communicable Diseases and Monoclonal Antibodies

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to non-communicable diseases, their risk factors, treatment methods, and the role of monoclonal antibodies in medical applications.

Non-communicable Diseases

Diseases that cannot spread between people or animals and generally last a long time and slowly get worse.

Asthma

A chronic condition that affects the airways in the lungs, causing breathing difficulties.

Cancer

A disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, leading to the formation of tumors.

Benign Tumors

Non-cancerous tumors that do not invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body.

Malignant Tumors

Cancerous tumors that invade neighboring tissues and can spread to other parts of the body.

Risk Factors

Factors that increase the chance of developing a disease, often related to lifestyle, environment, or genetics.

Radio Therapy

A treatment method that uses targeted doses of radiation to destroy cancer cells.

Chemo Therapy

A treatment that uses chemicals to stop cell division or cause cancer cells to self-destruct.

Obesity

A condition characterized by an excess amount of body fat, increasing risk for various diseases.

Alcohol's Effects on Pregnancy

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol syndrome, causing developmental issues in the baby.

Monoclonal Antibodies

Antibodies produced from identical immune cells that are clones of a unique parent cell, used to target specific antigens.

Hybridoma

A cell formed from the fusion of a specific lymphocyte with a tumor cell, designed to produce identical monoclonal antibodies.

Tumor Markers

Antigens found on the surface of cancer cells that are not present on normal body cells.

Fluorescent Dye

A dye used in conjunction with monoclonal antibodies to detect target molecules by emitting light.

Secondary Tumors

Tumors that form in other parts of the body as a result of cancer cells spreading from the original site.