The Kidneys and Endocrine System

Flashcards based on lecture notes about the kidneys and the endocrine system.

What are the main functions of the kidneys?

Fluid regulation, blood pressure regulation, filtering and waste removal.

Name the basic parts of Renal Anatomy.

Capsule, Cortex, Medulla, Renal Artery, Renal Vein, Minor Calyx, Major Calyx, Renal Pelvis, Kidney pelvis, Ureter

Where do nephrons begin?

Renal cortex of the kidney

What is the main function of the renal medulla?

Maintains fluid homeostasis and electrolyte balance.

Describe the minor and major calyxes' function.

Small cup-shaped collection chambers that collect from renal papillae, where urine flows into the major calyx.

What is the renal pelvis?

The center of the kidney, funnel shaped part of the ureter attached to the kidney.

What is the primary function of nephrons, and where are they mostly located?

They're where the 'work' happens in the kidneys, and they're mostly located in the renal cortex.

What are the main parts of the Nephron?

Afferent/ efferent arterioles, Glomerulus, Bowman's Capsule, Proximal Tubules, Loop of Henle, Distal Tubules, Collecting Duct

What are the two main parts of the adrenal glands?

Outer Cortex and Inner Medulla

What hormones are produced by the Adrenal Medulla?

Catecholamines (Epinephrine and Norepinephrine)

What hormones are produced by the Adrenal Cortex?

Mineralocorticoids, Glucocorticoids, and Androgens

What are the main organs of the endocrine system?

Pineal gland, Pituitary gland, Parathyroid gland, Thyroid gland, Adrenal gland, Pancreas, Ovaries, Testes

What are the major glands in the endocrine system?

Pituitary Gland, Thyroid Gland, Parathyroid gland, Adrenal Gland, Pancreas, Ovaries, Testes