Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

-The force that holds one molecule to another molecule

-Physical properties can be attributed to the strength of IMFs

-Higher boiling point = Stronger IMFs

Intramolecular Forces

-Forces that hold the molecule together

-Stronger than IMFs

Dipole-Dipole

-The force of attraction that enables 2 polar molecules to attract one another

*Polar molecules have unequal charge distribution (σ- / σ+)

Hydrogen Bonding

-Special kind of dipole-dipole bond

-Between a H atom of one molecule connected to a N, O, or F on that molecule with a lone pair on a N, O, or F on a separate molecule

Ion-Dipole Forces

-Force of attraction between a polar covalent molecule and an ion from an ionic compound

-Strongest force of all

London Dispersion Forces

-Force of attraction between 2 nonpolar molecules due to the fact that they can form temporary dipoles

-Strength based on the # of e- in a molecule

-The amount of distortion is referred to as polarizability

-All molecules must have these forces

*Only force present between 2 nonpolar molecules

*Often weakest

-more e- = more polarizable = stronger LDF