CIS3343 Exam 2 Review

CH6-10 Quiz Questions

Unified Modeling Language (UML)

_____ is a widely used method of visualizing and documenting an information system.

Object

A(n) _____ represents a person, a place, an event, or a transaction that is significant to the information system.

Attributes

An object has certain _____, which are characteristics that describe the object, such as the make, model, and color of a car.

Method

An object's _____ are the tasks or functions that the object performs when it receives a command to do so.

Method

A car performs a(n) _____ called OPERATE WIPERS when it is sent a message with the wiper control.

Class

An object belongs to a group or category called a(n) _____.

Instance

A(n) _____ is a specific member of a class.

Instance

A red Mustang is a(n) _____ of the CAR class.

Rectangle

The Unified Modeling Language (UML) represents an object as a _____ with the object name at the top, followed by the object's attributes and methods.

inherit/acquire

In an object-oriented system, objects can _____ certain attributes from other objects.

State

The _____ of an object is an adjective that describes the object's current status.

State

A bank account object can have a specific attribute called a(n) _____ that can be active, inactive, closed, or frozen.

Method

A(n) _____ resembles a verb and defines specific tasks that an object can perform.

Message

A _____ is a command that tells an object to perform a certain method.

Polymorphism

The concept that a message gives different meanings to different objects is called _____.

Black box

An object can be viewed as a(n) _____, because a message to the object triggers changes within the object without specifying how the changes must be carried out.

Encapsulation

The black box concept is an example of _____, which means that all data and methods are self-contained.

Encapsulation

_____ allows objects to be used as modular components anywhere in a system.

Modular

A major advantage of object-oriented (O-O) designs is that systems analysts can save time and avoid errors by using _____ objects.

Class

All objects within a(n) _____ share common attributes and methods.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

_____ is a model of software deployment in which an application is hosted as a service provided to customers over the Internet.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

_____ reduces the customer's need for software maintenance, operation, and support.

Microsoft's.NET

Identify a major web-based development environment.

Internet-based system

In a(n) _____, the web becomes an integral part of the application, rather than just a communication channel, and systems analysts need new application development tools and solutions to handle the new systems.

web-based environment

Building an application in a _____ environment can offer greater benefits, and sometimes greater risks, when compared to a traditional environment.

middleware

Web-based software usually requires additional layers, called _____, to communicate with existing software and legacy systems.

service

When companies acquire web-based software as a(n) _____, they can limit in-house involvement to a minimum.

Many applications require substantial desktop computing power and resources

Which is true of a traditional systems development environment?

Web-based software treats the software application as a service that is less dependent on desktop computing power and resources.

Which is true of a web-based systems development environment?

Web 2.0

The _____ environment enhances interactive experiences, including wikis and blogs, and social networking applications.

Cloud computing

_____ is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.

Outsourcing

_____ is the transfer of information systems development, operation, or maintenance to an outside firm that provides these services, for a fee, on a temporary or long-term basis.

Service Provider

A firm that offers outsourcing solutions is called a _____.

Application Service Provider (ASP)

A(n) _____ is a firm that delivers a software application, or access to an application, by charging a usage or subscription fee.

Internet Business Services (IBSs)

Some firms offer _____, which provide powerful web-based support for transactions such as order processing, billing, and customer relationship management.

fixed fee model

When determining outsourcing fees, a _____ uses a set fee based on a specified level of service and user support.

subscription model

When determining outsourcing fees, a _____ has a variable fee based on the number of users or workstations that have access to the application.

lower bottom-line costs

The main reason for offshore outsourcing is to _____.

transaction model

A(n) _____ is an outsourcing fee model that charges a variable fee based on the volume of transactions or operations performed by the application.

Make or Buy/Build or Buy

In the context of in-house software development options, the choice between developing versus purchasing software often is called a _____ decision.

audit trails

A secure system includes _____ that can log every instance of data entry and changes.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Apple was a pioneer in user interface development, introducing the _____, complete with mouse and screen icons, in the early 1980s.

usability

A user interface (UI) is the key to _____, which includes user satisfaction, support for business functions, and system effectiveness.

process-control

In older systems, often the user interface mainly consisted of _____ screens that allowed a user to send commands to the system.

user-centered

In a _____ system, the distinction blurs between input, output, and the interface itself.

Human-computer Interaction (HCI)

_____ describes the relationship between computers and the people who use them to perform their jobs.

transparent interface

A(n) _____ does not distract a user and calls no attention to itself.

storyboard

Initial screen designs can be presented to users in the form of a _____, which is a sketch that shows the general screen layout and design.

usability metrics

Interface designers can obtain data, called _____, by using software that can record and measure user interaction with a system.

natural language

A _____ language feature allows users to type commands or requests in normal text phrases.

Context-sensitive

_____ help offers assistance for a task in progress.

tool bar

Some forms use a _____ that contains icons or buttons that represent shortcuts for executing common commands.

toggle button

In a data entry screen, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, a(n) _____ is a control feature that is used to represent on or off status and switches to the other status when clicked.

check box

In a data entry screen, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, a _____ is a control feature that is used to select one or more choices from a group.

dialog box

If variable input data is needed, a _____ must be provided to explain what is needed.

Form filling

_____ is an online data entry method where a blank form that duplicates or resembles the source document is completed on the screen.

input mask

An input _____ is a template or pattern that restricts data entry and prevents errors.

data validation rule

A _____ improves input quality by testing the data and rejecting any entry that fails to meet specified conditions.

Existence Check

A(n) _____ is a data validation rule that should be applied to mandatory data items.

Range Check

A(n) _____ is a data validation rule that is used to verify that data items fall between a specified minimum and maximum value.

data structure

A _____, which is a framework for organizing, storing, and managing data, consists of files or tables that interact in various ways.

Database Management System (DBMS)

A(n) _____ is a collection of tools, features, and interfaces that enables users to add, update, manage, access, and analyze data.

Scalability

_____ means that a system can be expanded, modified, or downsized easily to meet the rapidly changing needs of a business enterprise.

Economy of Scale

The inherent efficiency of high-volume processing on larger computers is called _____.

Database Administrator (DBA)

Typically, a database management system is managed by a person called a _____, who assesses overall requirements and maintains the database for the benefit of an entire organization rather than a single department or user.

Query Language

A(n) _____ allows a user to specify a task without specifying how the task will be accomplished.

Query by Example (QBE)

With a _____, users provide an example of the data requested.

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

A _____ controls database operations, including storing, retrieving, updating, and deleting data.

schema

The complete definition of a database, including descriptions of all fields, tables, and relationships, is called a _____.

Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)

_____ is an industry-standard protocol that makes it possible for software from different vendors to interact and exchange data.

Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)

_____ enables Java applications to exchange data with any database that uses SQL statements and is compliant with its standard.

middleware

To bridge the gap between a database and the Internet, it is necessary to use _____, which is software that integrates different applications and allows them to exchange data.

key fields

During the systems design phase, _____ are used to organize, access, and maintain data structures.

Candidate key

In the accompanying figure, any field that serves as a primary key is called a _____.

foreign key

In the accompanying figure, a _____ is a field in one table that must match a primary key value in another table in order to establish the relationship between the two tables.

nonkey field

Any field that is not a primary key or a candidate key is called a _____.

Combination key

If a primary key combines two or more fields, then it is called a _____.

Secondary key

A _____, which is not unique, is a field or combination of fields that can be used to access or retrieve records.

Referential Integrity

One type of validity check, called _____, is a set of rules that avoids data inconsistency and quality problems.

Entity-relationship Diagram (ERD)

A(n) _____ is a graphical model of an information system that depicts the logical relationships and interaction among system entities.

System Architecture

_____ translate(s) the logical design of an information system into a physical structure that includes hardware, software, network support, and processing methods.

Entity Resource Planning (ERP)

_____ establishes a company-wide strategy for IT resources and specific standards for data, processing, network, and user interface design.

platform

A main advantage of enterprise resource planning (ERP) is that it describes a _____ that ensures connectivity and easy integration of future systems, including in-house software and commercial packages.

supply chain management (SCM)

Many companies are extending internal enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems to their suppliers and customers, using a concept called _____.

Extensibility

_____ is the measure of a system's ability to expand, change, or downsize easily to meet the changing needs of a business enterprise.

applications

An information system includes _____, which are programs that handle the input, manage the processing logic, and provide the required output.

web-centric

A _____ follows Internet design protocols and enables a company to integrate new applications into its e-commerce strategy.

legacy systems

A new system might have to interface with one or more _____, which are older systems that use outdated technology.

corporate portal

A(n) _____ provides access for customers, employees, suppliers, and the public.

portal

A _____ is an entrance to a multifunction website.

Mainframe architecture

A system design where the server performs all the processing is described as _____.

Data processing center

In addition to centralized data processing, the earliest systems performed all data input and output at a central location, often called a _____.

stand-alone mode

When an individual user works in _____, the workstation performs all the functions of a server by storing, accessing, and processing data as well as providing a user interface.

Local Area Network (LAN)

Most companies resolved the problems of stand-alone computing by joining clients into a _____ that allows sharing of data and hardware resources.

Thin Client

A _____ design locates all or most of the processing logic on the server.

Distributed Systems

Company-wide systems that connect one or more local area networks (LANs) or wide area networks (WANs) are called _____.

client/server architecture

The term "_____" generally refers to systems that divide processing between one or more networked clients and a central server.

Legacy Data

Many companies had an installed base of data, called _____, which was difficult to access and transport to a client/server environment.

Middleware

In a multitier system, special utility software called _____ enables the tiers to communicate and pass data back and forth.

Distributed Database Management System (DDBMS)

In a client/server architecture, just as processing can be done at various places, data can be stored in more than one location using a _____.