Lifespan Development and Theories of Human Development

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on lifespan development, highlighting theories from Freud and Erikson, patterns of aging, and the relationship between age and happiness.

What are the three patterns of aging discussed in the lecture?

Normal aging, Pathological aging, Successful aging.

What typically happens in normal aging?

Most individuals reach peak cognitive functioning in early middle age, with stability until the late 50s or early 60s and modest decline through early 80s.

What characterizes pathological aging?

A greater decline than average during adulthood and conditions like Alzheimer’s disease that impair daily functioning.

What promotes successful aging?

Positive physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development maintained longer, promoted by genetics and healthy lifestyle.

How does happiness generally trend with age?

Happiness often increases with age; older adults report higher life satisfaction compared to younger adults.

What causes the dip in happiness during late teens and early adulthood?

Identity exploration, social comparison, and ongoing brain development affecting mood.

What is the significance of the midlife dip in happiness?

High responsibilities, life evaluation of unmet expectations, and health concerns contribute to this dip.

What is Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST)?

A theory suggesting that older adults prioritize meaningful relationships and experiences over material goals.

What are the main focuses in debates about nature vs. nurture in development?

Nature emphasizes biological inheritance, while nurture emphasizes environment and experiences.

What is the difference between stability and change in development?

Stability refers to enduring traits, while change refers to significant development over time.

What does continuity vs. discontinuity examine in development?

Continuity refers to gradual development, while discontinuity refers to development occurring in distinct stages.

What is a theory in the context of human development?

An organized set of ideas that explains and predicts development, guiding research and practice.

What is Freud's Psychosexual theory's main concept?

Development is influenced by early childhood experiences and the unconscious mind.

What is the basic conflict in the Oral Stage of Freud's Psychosexual theory?

Balancing desire for oral satisfaction with parents’ expectations.

What happens if conflicts in Freud's Psychosexual theory are not resolved?

The person may become 'stuck' at that stage, impacting adult personality and behavior.

What are Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages of development focused on?

Each stage involves a crisis that must be resolved for a healthy personality and social relationships.

What significant questions do the stages of development in Erikson's theory address?

Questions like 'Can I trust the people around me?', 'Am I good or bad?', 'Who am I?'.},{