6. light

reflection

The bouncing back of light rays when they hit a surface.

angle of incidence

The angle between the incoming light ray and the normal line at the point of incidence.

angle of reflection

The angle between the reflected light ray and the normal line at the point of reflection.

normal

An imaginary line perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence.

refraction

The bending of light rays as they pass from one medium to another due to a change in speed.

total internal reflection

The phenomenon that occurs when a light ray hits a boundary at an angle greater than the critical angle, resulting in all the light being reflected back into the medium.

critical angle

The minimum angle of incidence for which total internal reflection occurs.

real image

An image formed by converging light rays that can be projected onto a screen.

virtual image

An image formed by diverging light rays that cannot be projected onto a screen; it appears to be located behind the mirror or lens.