Popular Music Final

It is thought that mass media increases the gap between musicians and their audiences by

Encouraging passive listening

Songs that tell a story are called

Ballads

The consumption of music changed in 2001 with the advent of

iTunes

Which of the following is true about the diddley bow?

It is a musical instrument adapted from the African one-stringed zither.

"Stagolee" is

A “bad man” character from Black American storytelling in the19th and 20th centuries.

According to Starr and Waterman’s understanding of Centers and Peripheries,

Mainstream American popular music was oriented to white, middle- or upper-class, Protestant, urban people up to the 1950s

One trait that came to American popular music from both the Euro-American and Black American traditions is

Call-and-response

From which stream of influence does the “high lonesome sound” commonly heard in country music hail?

Anglo-American stream

Analyzing music for how it is put together and for its historical and cultural relevance is

Critical listening

Paying attention to the music you listen to, with or without placing it in its context, is

Active listening

In the Black American stream, spirituals are particularly known for

Encoded language and hidden meanings

Which of the following is true about Black American ballads of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

They celebrated the exploits of black heroes and “bad men.”

An example of how Latin American music interacted with mainstream American popular music is

The Cuban contradanza/habanera influenced ragtime and popular songs of W. C. Handy.

In the 21st century, music production has changed so that

More artists produce music on their own labels

Who was the most influential songwriter of American popular song in the nineteenth century?

Stephen Foster 

Ragtime involves

A syncopated melody over an oom-pah bass 

What was the first form of musical and theatrical entertainment regarded by European audiences as distinctively American in character?

The minstrel show 

Piano rolls play recorded music by

Using holes punched in paper to tell a player piano which keys to play 

Parlor songs are traditionally written

For young women to sing/play at home 

Phonographs using Edison cylinders play recorded music by

Reproducing sound waves imprinted in wax 

Which of the following is true about songwriter Stephen Foster?

He embraced both genteel traditions and less highly regarded but popular traditions such as minstrelsy. 

Stephen Foster’s “Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair” is an example of a

Parlor song 

Duke Ellington’s music matched the aesthetic of the Cotton Club because it

Had growling sounds

In the 1920s and 1930s, commercial radio primarily

Hurt the record industry because people listened to radios instead of records 

At “Black-and-tan” venues

White audiences consumed Black music 

Crooning contributed to the Tin Pan Alley ideals of

Privacy and intimacy 

Louis Armstrong gained fame as a

Jazz trumpeter and scat singer 

The most popular gramophone player in the USA after WWI was the

Victrola 

Jazz music

Blends aspects of improvisation and composition 

In its earliest years, commercial radio often played

Live performances of music 

Scat singing is

Vocal improvisation with wordless syllables 

Which of the following is true about country blues?

Country blues usually featured a male singer accompanying himself on the acoustic guitar. 

Classic blues 

Were usually written by a formally (perhaps classically) trained musician

How did the consumption of race records differ from that of hillbilly records?

Race records were not played on the radio, but hillbilly records were. 

Hillbilly music’s songs were most often written in response to

A changing rural world 

Gospel music demonstrates the importance in Southern culture of

Sacred music

Which country blues artist's guitar playing was so remarkable that stories circulated claiming he sold his soul to the devil?

Robert Johnson 

The first record company to record only Black music was

Black Swan Records 

Which of the following is true about the classic blues?

The classic blues included artists like Bessie Smith, Ma Rainey, and Mamie Smith.

In the song by Roy Acuff, the “Great Speckled Bird” is a metaphor for

The embattled Christian Church 

Swing music borrowed musical forms from

The blues and Tin Pan Alley songs 

Country music gained a new urban audience in the 1930s and 1940s because of

Radio and WWII 

In jazz arrangements, any statement of a theme or one of its variations is called a

Chorus 

A style of blues piano playing meant to carry through noisy bars, using repeated patterns in the left hand, was

Boogie-woogie 

Which tradition combined elements of country music, blues, boogie-woogie, swing music and mariachi?

Western swing 

Benny Goodman’s Orchestra was important because

It was racially integrated 

While jazz music before swing emphasized beats 1 and 3, swing music emphasized

Every beat 

Who led the urban folk group the Weavers?

Pete Seeger 

What effect did musical conservatism have on audience song choice after WWII?

Audiences listened primarily to romantic/sentimental songs 

Who were the first audiences of honky-tonk music?

Oil workers from Texas and Oklahoma 

What did the growth of R&B and Country Music have in common?

Their audiences increasingly lived in the cities 

What type of blues is directly descended from the country (delta) blues of Robert Johnson and others?

Chicago's electric blues 

What instrument gives electric blues its name?

The electric guitar 

What was the effect of the American Federation of Musicians’ strike on the careers of big band singers such as Frank Sinatra?

It allowed them to start solo careers because instrumentalists were not recording 

Which record format released in 1949 by RCA Victor Corporation allowed a listener to load a stack of singles?

45 rpm record 

How did lyrics change from older country music to honky-tonk?

Honky-tonk lyrics mostly avoided sacred subjects 

The Kingston Trio was a group that played

Urban Folk music 

Before he started his recording career, Chuck Berry played in clubs for

Both R&B audiences and country audiences 

The term “rock ‘n’ roll” came from

Common words in blues songs 

Which artist recorded a cover version of “Shake Rattle and Roll” in the same year as the original version?

Bill Haley and His Comets 

Which of these artists died in a plane crash “the day the music died”?

Ritchie Valens 

Rockabilly was

Country with elements of R&B 

What tradition is “La Bamba” based on?

Son jarocho from Mexico 

Rock ‘n’ roll was popular with teenagers because

It represented a rejection of their parents’ values 

What is one issue that stood in the way of women rock-‘n’-roll artists doing well on the charts?

They represented female empowerment in a conservative society

Which musical group also functioned as the backup singers on Elvis Presley’s songs?

The Jordanaires 

Which of these does NOT describe the “British Invasion”?

The USA stopped exporting its music to other countries 

How did Berry Gordy differ from Phil Spector in his treatment of his artists?

Gordy required his artists to follow strict codes of behavior, both onstage and off, while Spector only had such rules for onstage behavior. 

Which one of the following artists or groups recorded for Motown records in the 1960s?

Temptations 

“El Watusi” gained mainstream popularity primarily due to

Its association with a dance 

Which one of the following artists or groups recorded for Philles Records in the 1960s?

Ronettes 

The first step of being a successful 1960s rock band could be accomplished through

Covering early rock ‘n’ roll songs 

Writing new songs in the style of early rock ‘n’ roll songs

Quoting early rock ‘n’ roll songs 

ALL OF THE ABOVE!!!

The Beach Boys released a concept album called

Pet Sounds 

For the Beach Boys, the epitome of experimentation lay in

Their song “Good Vibrations” 

Bands that exemplify the model of a successful 1960s band include

The Beach Boys and the Beatles 

In the early 1960s, what genre did Urban Folk claim to be the opposite of?

Rock ‘n’ roll 

The 1960s trend of rebellion against established power structures was called

Counterculture 

Which popular music “sound” involved a sophisticated approach to the vocal presentation and instrumental arrangement of country music in the 1960s and was exemplified by artists like Patsy Cline and Elvis Presley?

Nashville Sound 

What was the name of the subgenre that developed in counterculture communities in San Francisco, CA?

Psychedelic rock 

Which genre was created out of a fusion of gospel music with R&B?

Soul music 

Patsy Cline was famous for singing

Country-pop crossovers 

What was the reaction of many Black gospel listeners to soul music?

They found it offensive because it used a sacred style with secular words. 

Pioneers in soul music include

Ray Charles and Sam Cooke 

One way Bob Dylan changed Urban Folk was by

Changing to electric instruments 

Which artist established Latin rock by blending Latin polyrhythms and rock guitar?

Santana 

How did disco differ from the genres that came before it?

The emphasis was on DJs rather than live bands 

What new recording technology arose in relation to disco?

12-inch records for singles 

How did rock musicians apply the idea of “Art” to their concerts?

By crafting all possible aspects of the experience 

In the 1970s, FM stations tended to play

Album-oriented rock 

What came to be seen as the quintessential music experience in the 1970s?

Going to a concert 

The Eagles were an example of

Country rock 

Led Zeppelin blended

Rock and British folk music

Which of these encapsulated a culture of rebellion against authority and a return to the roots of rock?

Punk rock 

Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five were known for

Socially conscious rap 

What group of people in urban Jamaica affected and inspired reggae songs?

The Rude Boys 

What figure did record companies play on to promote progressive country?

The Outlaw 

What change in a musical characteristic typified the move from ska to rock steady to reggae?

The typical tempo of a song slowed down 

How does new wave music compare with punk rock?

New wave has a cleaner sound and is more commercialized 

How did progressive country differ from country music before it, such as that typified by the Nashville Sound and the Bakersfield sound?

It was more intellectual and liberal 

Which New York–based rock band is frequently cited as an ancestor of 1970s punk music?

Velvet Underground