Chapter 7: Deviance and Social Control

These flashcards cover key concepts about deviance and social control, including definitions, theories, and characteristics of deviance as discussed in the lecture.

What is deviance?

Deviance is the violation of cultural norms and expectations.

What theory explains that deviance is labeled by society?

Labeling Theory states that individuals and behavior become deviant because they are labeled as such.

What are some characteristics of deviance?

Deviance is socially constructed, relative to time, place, and status, and is not inherently negative.

What does Merton's Strain Theory suggest about deviance?

Strain results from the gap between socially shared goals and access to legitimate methods of achieving those goals.

What are the five ways of adapting according to Merton's Strain Theory?

Conformity, Innovation, Ritualism, Retreatism, Rebellion.

What are the two types of crimes defined in society?

Consensus crimes (agreed upon seriousness) and Conflict crimes (disagreement about seriousness).

What drives individuals towards deviant behavior according to Differential Association Theory?

Individuals learn deviant behavior through association with others who engage in crime.

What is social control?

Social control consists of the incentives and punishments that promote conformity in social life.

What role do positive and negative sanctions play in social control?

Positive sanctions reward socially approved behaviors, while negative sanctions punish for breaking social norms.

What is the impact of labeling on deviant behavior?

Being labeled reinforces deviant behavior and can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy.