Blood Banking Reagents BB 1

These flashcards cover key concepts and procedures related to blood banking reagents discussed in the lecture.

What is the purpose of commercial RBCs with known antigens in blood banking tests?

To confirm the presence of antibodies in the plasma/serum.

What is Landsteiner’s Law in relation to blood groups?

An individual naturally possesses the antibody directed against the antigen of the ABO system that is absent from their red cells.

What types of cells are used as screening cells in blood banking?

Group O RBC cells, which have no ABO antibodies that react with them.

What does an antigram for screening cells indicate?

The antigen profile, showing which antigens are present or absent.

How are panel cells different from screening cells?

Panel cells are typically sets of 10 or more and are used for determining antibody specificity in identification procedures.

What is the purpose of the Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT)?

To detect IgG or complement bound to RBCs in vivo.

What is a key difference between DAT and Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT)?

DAT requires no incubation phase, while IAT requires an incubation phase.

List two applications of the Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT).

Antibody screening and crossmatching.

What can lead to a false positive result in antiglobulin testing?

Using dirty glassware or inadequate washing of cells before adding the antihuman globulin reagent.

What is the function of potentiators like Low Ionic Strength Saline (LISS)?

To enhance antigen-antibody reactions by reducing the ionic environment.

What do lectins do in the context of blood banking?

They bind to specific carbohydrate determinants of RBC antigens.

What describes the gel technology method in blood banking testing?

It traps agglutinated cells using dextran acrylamide gel particles.

What indicates a positive or negative reaction in solid phase red cell adherence?

Cells that adhere to the sides and bottom of the well are positive; cells that settle to the bottom are negative.