P1 Final Test Questions / Study Guide

When instrumenting tooth # 13 mesial buccal you will be in the __________ o'clock position with the patients head turned______________ you.  

right handed operator- 11 or 12, toward; left handed operator- 4, away

When instrumenting tooth # 18 mesial lingual you will be in the __________ o'clock position with the patients head turned______________ you. 

right handed operator- 8, away; left handed operator- 4, toward

When instrumenting tooth # 30 mesial lingual you will be in the __________ o'clock position with the patients head turned______________ you.

right handed operator- 11 or 12, toward, left handed operator- 4, away

When instrumenting tooth # 8 mesial lingual you will be in the __________ o'clock position with the patients head turned______________ you.

right handed operator- 11 or 12, neutral ; left handed operator- 1 or 12, neutral

When instrumenting tooth #3 distal buccal you will be in the _________ o'clock position with the patients head turned_____________ you. 

right handed operator- 8, away; left handed operator- 1, toward

When working on the maxillary arch; the patient’s head should be in a _______ position .

Tilted up

When working on the mandibular arch; the patient’s head should be in a _______ position .

Chin down

The cllinician is ____ from patient’s mouth

15’’‐22”

True or false: You should always inform patient of change in position and never move the patient’s head yourself!

True

Your upper arm should be at a ____ angle to body

20‐45°

When in the maxillary arch, the position of the chair back :

should be nearly parallel to the floor

When in the mandibular arch, the position of the chair back :

should be slightly raised above the parallel position at a 15‐20 degree angle to the floor

When in the mandibular arch, the position of the light :

should be over the patient’s head

When in the maxillary arch, the position of the light :

should be over the patients chest and tilted toward mouth

persistent fear in which an object or situation is avoided or endured with intense anxiety or interferes with normal routines

Dental Phobia

unpleasant mental, emotional or physiologic sensation derived from a dental-related stimulus

Dental Fear

nonspecific unease, apprehension or negative thoughts about what may happen at appointment

Dental Anxiety

these patients are not able to cope and will typically avoid the dental experience

Dental Phobia

support the flight or fight response when a patient is exposed to a stressor -Cortisol (steroid) is produced -Epinepherine or adrenaline is produced

This is an example of:

Physiologic effects of dental fear/anxiety

Behavioral Effect: how a person acts during a signficant fearful episode  Impulsiveness  Nervous laughter -Emotional outbursts -Excessive drinking -Smoking - Children: acting out, crying, screaming

This is an example of:

Behavioral effects of dental fear/anxiety

how a person feels emotionally during periods of stress: - Irritability -Guilt - Anger - Anxiety - May also lead to lowered self esteem and depression or sensitivity to constructive criticism

this is an example of:

Phycological effects of dental fear/anxiety

the point at which an uncomfortable stimulus is perceived as painful……anxiety lowers the threshold of pain

Pain Threshold

the amount of pain that is the most an individual can bear….this decreases when an individual is fearful of treatment

Pain Tolerance

The Use(s) of a dental mirror are:

All of the above

Light reflected off the mirror, passing upward through the teeth is an example of:

Transillumination

Transillumination helps to detect:

All of the above

True or false:  you can clean the mirror with  the patient’s buccal mucosa.

False

When the clinician is instrumenting tooth #30 distal buccal, will the mirror be on the cheek side or the tongue side?

the mirror will be on the cheek or buccal side

A thorough summary of all the components of the assessment- required for routine maintenance

Complete exam

A Brief preliminary exam ;Used for initial assessment and triage to determine priority

Screening exam

Emergency situation

Limited exam

To check healing ; Remove sutures/dressing

Follow-up exam

Complete reassessment to develop new treatment plan

Maintenance/Reevaluation exam

Direct Observation • Radiographic Examination • Transillumination

Visual examination

Starts in the Reception: • Physical deformities • Abnormal movements • Facial form & expression • Color • Stature • Hair • Hearing & other senses • Speech • Breath odor • Extraoral lesions

Direct Observation

True or false: Radiographic Examination is a type of Visual examination?

True

Examination using touch through tissue manipulation or pressure on an area with the fingers of one or both hands • Types of Palpation • Digital • Bidigital • Manual/Bimanual • Bilateral • Circular

Palpation

Use of a single finger • Example- determine the presence of tori

Digital

• Use of finger and thumb (same hand) • Example: palpation of the lip

Bidigital

Use of finger or fingers and thumb from each hand applied simultaneously in coordination • Example: floor of mouth • Manual is use of one hand

Bimanual

Two hands at the same time on corresponding structure on opposite sides of the body • Example- TMJ, submandibular lymph nodes

Bilateral

Overlapping circular palpation • Example- anterior superior, superficial cervical

Circular

Examination instruments, such as a periodontal probe and an explorer are used for specific examination of the teeth and periodontal tissues • Probe can be used to measure lesions

Instrumentation

• The act of tapping a surface or a tooth with the fingers or an instrument • Example- tapping on the crown of a tooth to detect fractures or apical lesions

Percussion

Pulp testing- Tests the presence or absence of vital pulp tissue

Electrical Test

The use of sound • Example- TMJ for crepitus, grinding or popping • Blood Pressure

Auscultation

• Detect mucogingival involvement- lip is pulled to see if there is pulling of the periodontium

Tension test

Usually soft and translucent

Blisterform

small circumscribed lesion with a thin surface covering. May contain serum and appear white

Vesicle

more or less than 5mm in diameter, contains pus that gives pustule a yellow color

Pustule

a circumscribed elevated lesion that is more than 5mm in diameter, usually contains serous fluid, and looks like a blister

Bulla

Solid and do not contain fluid base can be sessile or pedunculated

Nonblisterform

A small, circumscribed lesion usually less than 1 cm in diameter that is elevated or protrudes above the surface of the normal surrounding tissue. May be pointed, rounded, or flat topped.

Papule

A papable lesion up to 1 cm in diameter found in the soft tissue; it can occur above, level with, or below the skin surface.

Nodule

A tumor is 2 cm or greater in width. In this context, means a general swelling or enlargement and does not refer to a neoplasm, either benign or malignant.

Tumor

A plaque is a slightly raised lesion with broad, flat top. Usually larger that 5 mm in diameter, with a “pasted on” appearance

Plaque

Verrucus or Wartlike

Papillary

Corrugated

Nodule

Tumor

What does Coalesced

Multiple small lesions close together

True or False: Bartholin’s duct drains saliva into the oral cavity through the sublingual caruncle and the sublingual fold

True

What part of the gingiva is the arrow pointing to?

marginal gingiva

Which part of the gingiva is the arrow pointing to? 

attached gingiva

Which part of the gingiva is the arrow pointing to? 

mucogingival junction

Which part of the gingiva is the arrow pointing to?

interdental papilla

knife edged, flat, rolled or rounded, enlarged

marginal gingiva (shape/contour)

pointed, pyramidal, flat, blunted, cratered, bulbous

interdental gingiva (shape/contour)

Coral, Pink, pigmented, red, cyanotic, magenta

Color

Firm, spongy, soft, edematous, fibrotic, keratinized

Consistency

stippled, smooth, shiny

Texture

The end of a probe is called the:

Nib

Used to determine furcation • Curved working end • Blunt tip • Depth of insertion determines the furcation

Naber’s Probe

up to 1 mm horizontal displacement in a facial‐lingual direction

Class I mobility

 greater than 1 mm but less than 2 mm of horizontal  displacement in a facial‐lingual direction

Class II mobility

greater than 2 mm displacement in a facial‐lingual direction  OR vertical movement in socket

Class III mobility

When the gingival margin is ______ to the CEJ, the CAL is calculated  by subtracting the gingival margin level from the probing depth

coronal

When _____ is present, the clinical attachment is  calculated by adding the probing depth to the  measurement of the gingival recession.

recession

Probing measurement is 4mm Gingival margin has 2mm recession What is the clinical attachment level (CAL)?

6mm

Probing measurement is 9mm Gingival margin is 3mm coronal to the CEJ What is the clinical attachment level (CAL)?

6mm

Probing measurement is 6mm Gingival margin is at the CEJ What is the CAL?

6mm

Probe depth (PD) = 8mm

Gingival Margin

(GM) = +3mm

What is the CAL?

5mm

The patient presents with a periodontal pocket reading of 8mm. There is 2mm of attachment loss. What can you tell me about this patient?

The gingiva is 6mm coronal to the CEJ

The patient has a pocket depth of 4mm and 8mm of attachment loss. What can you tell me about this patient?

There is 4mm of recession

How many basic measurements are made on each tooth in periodontal charting?

6

Most periodontal pocket depths up to what depth are usually related to a normal, healthy sulcus?

3 mm

When measuring the depth of  a periodontal pocket, the measurement is made from the base of the pocket or the attached periodontal tissue to

the height of the gingival margin

The depression between the lingual and facial papillae that conforms with the proximal contact area is termed

col

Supragingival exam of margins of restorations;

Gets its name because it resembles the long hook with the curved end that was used by shepherds to catch sheep

Shepards hook

Supragingival exam of margins of restorations

Short curved terminal shank

Straight Explorer

The clinician wants to explore tooth # 30 buccal. How should the clinician begin?

Place the tip on the distofacial line angle and work back onto the distal surface

To determine the correct working end the terminal shank will be _______________ to the tooth surface. 

parallel

When using the 11/12 explorer __________________ of the tip remains on the tooth at all times. 

:1/3 side of the tip or the terminal 1-2 mm side of the tip

Explorers are made of strong, rigid metal that does not bend easily. Explorers are circular in cross section.

The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

The clinician should not use a shepherd hook explorer for subgingival calculus detection because _____.

The sharp point is directed toward the junctional epithelium

To select the correct working end of an explorer for use on a molar. Which of the visual clues should you use?

Both posterior = parallel and functional shank up and over the tooth

Which instrument should be used to help determine the amount of subgingival calculus on the teeth?

11/12 explorer

Straight Scaler internal angles are:

Internal angles 70°-80°

Curved Anterior Scaler internal angles are:

70°-80°