APEH - UNit 6 Vocab 1/2

Capital

Money used for investment

Entrepenuers

Person who organize and work businesses

Agricultural Revolution

Big improvements of farming techniques, increase in crops, better diets and health

Hydropower

Energy created from flowing water

textile

Cloth

Cottage industry

Terms for production of goods, like cloth, made privately, like by families

spinning jenny

speed up production of cloth, helped factories create textiles

Steam Engine

Created by James Watt, first artificial power created by man

Claremont

Robert Fulton, first steam powered boat, traveled up the Hudson river

Rocket

George Stephenson's , steam powered railroad, won British National competition

Green-wich Mean Time (GMT)

standardized world time, divided globe into 24 time zones

Factory System

new way to produce goods, berid the Cottage Industry. Workers worked in factories using powered machinery

Iron law of wages

expression, by Ricardo, workers governed by law of supply and demand, like a commodity

Great Exhibition

World fair, nations displayed, their latest inventions

Irish Potato Famine

potato crop grew fungus, mass hunger, political instability in Europe

Corn Laws

tariffs passed by British Parliament, places on imported grains to help British farms, But made bread more expensive

Tenement

Overcrowded apartment building, poor city

cholera

bacteria caused by infected water

typhoid

bacteria caused by contaminated water

Tuberculosis

contagious infection, lungs, hit overcrowded cities

Sanitation system

system of pipes, have clean drinkable water

Metropolitan police of London/ Bobbies

Urban police forces, organized by Peel. Improve public safety

Factory Acts

Laws, by British Parliament to improve factory conditions

Mine Acts

Laws by British Parliament, banned women and boys under 10 from mining

Exploitation

treating someone unfairly to benefit from their labor

labor unions

association of workers to protect their rights

Combination Act

Passed by British Parliament, during Napoleonic Wars, forbid workers from unionizing

Stike

A large number of employees refuse to work, to for company to listen to their demands

Luddites

British workers who smashed factory machines to protest

Bourgeoisie

educated middle class "oppressors" of workers

proletartiat

Urban working class of Europe. Marx, "oppressed class"