Unit 7: Industrial and Economic Development Patterns and Processes Quick Vocab.

Industrial Revolution

A period of rapid development of industry that started in Great Britain in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Primary sector

Activities that extract raw materials or produce food directly from the earth.

Secondary sector

Economic activities that process raw materials from the primary sector into finished goods.

Tertiary sector

Service-based industries that facilitate the exchange and distribution of goods and provide services.

Quaternary sector

Knowledge-based activities focused on information generation, processing, and distribution.

Quinary sector

An extension of the tertiary sector, focusing on specialized services that involve high-level thinking, decision-making, and policy implementation.

Situation Factor

The broader regional context of a place, considering its connections to other areas and the resources available to it.

Site Factor

The intrinsic features of a location that affect its suitability for human settlement and development.

Inputs

The resources, factors, or elements that are used as raw materials or components in a system or process.

Bulk-reducing Industry

An industry where the final product weighs less or has a lower volume than its raw materials.

Bulk-gaining Industry

An industry where the final product is heavier or larger than the raw materials used in its production.

Break-of-bulk Point

A location where the mode of transportation changes, and goods are unloaded or transferred from one type of transport to another.

Labor-intensive industry

An industry that requires a large amount of labor to produce goods, characterized by high employment levels.

Weber's Least Cost Theory

Suggests that businesses choose locations to minimize production costs, primarily transportation and labor, to maximize profits.

Agglomeration

The clustering of businesses or industries in a specific area, leading to benefits like shared infrastructure and labor pools.

Maquiladora

A foreign-owned factory in Mexico that assembles imported parts into finished products for export.

Outsourcing

Hiring a third-party to handle specific business processes or services that would otherwise be done internally.

New International Division of Labor

Transfer of some types of jobs from more developed to less developed countries.

Footloose Industry

A manufacturing activity where the cost of transporting raw materials and finished products is not significant in location decision.

Post-Fordism

A shift from mass production and rigid structures towards flexible production, global supply chains, and diverse consumer markets.