AP PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 4: Biological Bases of Behaviour Set III

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Consciousness

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28 Terms

1

Consciousness

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment.

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2

Dissociation

A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others.

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3

Circadian Rhythm

The biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle.

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4

REM Sleep

Rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur.

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5

Alpha Waves

The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.

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6

Hallucinations

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

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7

Delta Waves

The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.

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8

NREM Sleep

Non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep.

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9

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

A pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm.

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10

Insomnia

Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep.

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11

Narcolepsy

A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks.

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12

Sleep Apnea

A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.

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13

Night Terrors

A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified.

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14

Dream

A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind.

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15

REM Rebound

The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation.

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16

Manifest Content

According to Freud, the remembered storyline of a dream.

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17

Latent Content

According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream.

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18

Psychoactive Drug

A chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods.

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19

Tolerance

The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the same effect.

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20

Addiction

Compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors despite known adverse consequences.

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21

Withdrawal

The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior.

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22

Depressants

Drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions.

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23

Opiates

Opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.

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24

Stimulants

Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.

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25

Cocaine

A powerful and addictive stimulant, derived from the coca plant, producing temporarily increased alertness and euphoria.

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26

Hallucinogens

Psychedelic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.

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27

LSD

A powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid.

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28

THC

The major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinogens.

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