Antibody-based Assays

What is the main purposed of cancer monitoring tests?

to detect tumor-associated markers for screening and follow-up

Which of the following biomarkers is commonly used to monitor prostate cancer?

PSA

CA-125 is most commonly used in which type of cancer?

ovarian cancer

What does an increase in PSA levels after treatment typically indicate?

cancer recurrence or progression

What is the main benefit of using tumor markers in cancer treatment monitoring?

they help track treatment effectiveness and detect relapse early

What is the primary purpose of allergy testing?

to measure specific immune responses to allergens

Allergy blood testing measures which type of antibody?

IgE

Which of the following allergens is commonly tested in standard allergy panels?

pollen

Which of the following methods is commonly used in clinical allergy testing?

skin prick test

A patient with severe eczema and multiple medications may be recommended:

blood testing for allergen-specific IgE

What is the primary goal of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)?

to ensure drug concentrations remain within the therapeutic range

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of TDM?

to confirm an infection

Which of the following drugs requires TDM due to potential nephrotoxicity?

Vancomycin

Which of the following statements about TDM is true?

TDM helps individualize dosing and reduce toxicity

Which of the following best describes the goal of infectious disease diagnosis?

to detect antibodies or antigens associated with infection

What do serological (antibody) tests detect?

host antibodies produced in response to infection

The rapid COVID-19 detects:

viral antigens in nasal or throat samples

What is the primary purpose of western blotting?

protein detection and analysis

Which of the following best describes the principle of the fluorescent antibody test?

antigen-antibody binding through fluorescence emitted by labeled antibody

What is the basic principle of flow cytometry?

detection of cells as they flow in a fluid stream through a laser beam

What is the basic principle of ELISA test?

detection of antigen-antibody interaction using color change

Which of the following is a widely known example of a lateral flow assay?

home pregnancy test