APUSH Chapers 8-11

Non-Intercourse Act

Forbade any trade with England and France

Fort Wayne Treaty

A treaty signed between the U.S. and representatives of the Miami, Potaw, and Delaware Indians.

3 million acres of land, much of it possessed by other tribes.

What was sold in the Fort Wayne Treaty by the Miami, Potaw, and Delaware Indians?

Battle of Tippecanoe

Battle near Prophetstown in 1811, where American forces led by William Henry Harrison defeated the followers of the Shawnee Prophet and destroyed the town.

Old Ironsides

Nickname of the U.S.S. Constitution which was a 44 gun frigate whose victory over the British H.M.S. Guerrero bolstered sagging national morale during the War of 1812.

Red Sticks

Faction of the Creek Confederacy which allied with Tecumseh and killed 100s of American soldiers.

Andrew Jackson

General who defeated the Creeks at Horseshoe Bend in 1814 and the British at New Orleans in 1815, he later became the 7th POTUS.

Battle of New Orleans

Battle in January 1815; in which American troops commanded by Andrew Jackson destroyed the British force attempting to seize New Orleans.

Treaty of Ghent

Treaty ending the War of 1812, signed in Belgium in 1814, it restored peace but was silent on the issues over which the U.S. and Great Britain had gone to war.

Domestic politics got in the way of the British

Why did the War of 1812 end?

America had to start manufacturing its own goods.

What was the outcome of the United State’s embargoes on European?manufacturing?

Textiles

What did Northeastern manufactures make more of than any other
item?

Farmer and entrepreneurs interested in the Brown Gold of beaver and otter fur.

What type of people poured into the western regions of OH, IN, IL, MI, and MO?

Augusta Chouteau

Established Saint Louis as the capitol of western the fur trading empire

Native Americans

Economic expansion into the western territories posed a threat to what group of
people?

The mechanization of the British Textile Industry

What caused an enormous demand for cotton worldwide?

Eli Whitney

American inventor who perfected the cotton gin and revolutionized the cotton industry

1. The booming southern economy after the War of 1812
2. Cotton calling for large Ganges of unskilled laborers

The demand for slavery skyrocketing was caused by:

1. Increase control over the North American continent
2. Improve the U.S. position in world affairs

When elected as POTUS in 1816, what were James Monroe’s objectives?

1. Settled northern border issues with Britain and acquired Florida and Oregon from Spain.

What did James Monroe do to secure control over North America?

Adams-Onis Treaty

Treaty between the United States and Spain in 1819 that ceded FL to the U.S. , ended any Spanish claims in Oregon , and recognized Spanish rights in the SW.

Monroe Doctrine

President Monroe’s 1823 statement declaring the Americas closed to further European colonization and discouraging European interference in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere

Panic of 1819

A financial panic that began when the 2nd U.S. Bank tightened credit and recalled government loans. Six years of economic depression followed.

economic independence

The War of 1812 was really a war for?

A wedge to be driven between the nation’s geographical sections-regions very divided over politics

The Panic of 1819 caused what?

Tallmadge Amendment

An amendment to a statehood bill for MO proposed by James Tallmadge that would have banned slavery in the new states. It created a deadlock in Congress that lead to the MO Compromise.

Missouri Compromise

Law proposed by Henry Clay in 1820 admitting MO to the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state and banning slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of latitude 36’30’’

John Quincy Adams

Who won the election of 1824?

James Monroe

Who won the election of 1820?

Martin Van Buren

NY politician known for his skillful handling of party politics; founded the Democratic Party and became the 8th President

Democratic Party

Political Party that brought Andrew Jackson into office; it recalled Jeffersonian principles of limited government and drew its supporters from farmers, craftsmen, and small businesses.

Andrew Jackson

Who won the election of 1828?

Retrenchment

Andrew Jackson believed in ________ which was the elimination of unnecessary jobs or functions for reform or cost-cutting purposes.

Kitchen Cabinet

Andrew Jackson’s informal advisors who helped him shape both national and Democratic Party policy

1. Banking and financial systems
2. Internal improvements and public land policy
3. Indian affairs
4. The collection of revenue and enforcement of federal law

Andrew Jackson tried to implement reform in four broad areas:

Bank War

The political conflict that occurred when Andrew Jackson tried to destroy the 2nd Bank of the U.S., which he thought represented special interests at the expense of the common man.

Indian Removal Act

Law passed by Congress in 1830 providing for the removal of all Indian tribes east of the MS and the purchase of western lands for their resettlement.

Cherokee

In the early 1820’s the _______ tribe created a formal government with a legislative court system, and drafted a Constitution.

Trail of Tears

Forced march of the Cherokee people from GA to Indian Territory in the winter of 1838, during which thousands of Cherokee died.

Jospeh Smith Jr.

Founder of the Mormons, led his congregation westward from NY to IL

Brigham Young

Mormon leader who took over in 1844 after Joseph Smith’s death and guided the Mormons from IL to Utah

Oregon Trail

Overland route form Saint Louis to the Pacific Northwest followed by thousands of settlers in the 1840s

The Twelfth Amendment

Constitutional amendment, ratified in 1804, that provides for separate balloting in the electoral college for the President and Vice President.

The deadlocked election of 1804 between Thomas Jefferson and Charles Pinckney

The 12th amendment was created in response to what?

1. High population density and the social evils it generated
2. The concentration of money and power in the hands of a few

What did Thomas Jefferson believe the greatest threats to America were?

Agriculture instead of manufacturing

What did Thomas Jefferson want the American economy to be based on?

Albert Gallatin

Treasury secretary in Jefferson’s administration, favored limited government and reduced the federal debt by cutting spending.

Louisiana Purchase

Territory that stretched from MS river to the Rocky Mountains, bought from France in 1803

1. Removed France from NA
2. Secured the MS River for commerce
3. Doubled the size of the U.S.

What were the three benefits of the Louisiana Purchase?

To find a northwest passage

What was the purpose of Lewis and Clark’s expeditions?

Henry Clay

Creator of the Missouri Compromise

White Collar Workers

Were young and flocked to newly emerging cities in pursuit of formal education. Clerks, bookkeepers, and managers.

Voluntary Associations

An organization through which individuals engage in voluntary service, usually charity or reform.

Genteel Class

Upper Class

Cult of Domesticity

The belief that women’s proper role lies in domestic pursuits

1820,1821

When did Missouri apply for statehood and when was it admitted?

True

True/False: Neither side liked the Missouri Compromise

A peaceful treaty (annexation) in 1845

How was the Texas territory acquired?

Treaty with Britain in 1846

How was the Oregon territory acquired?

Mexican War (1848)

How were the states of CA, NV, UT, AZ, and CO acquired?

1846-1848

When did the Mormons move from Illinois to Utah?

Manifest Destiny

Belief that God had ordained the U.S. special to rule over NA

The Nueces River and the Rio Grande

In between what two rivers did a skirmish occur that started the Mexican War?

President James Polk

__________ believed that the Rio Grande is the U.S border and so the Mexicans were on our land.

Abraham Lincoln

______ Believed that the Nueces River was the American border and the war was the United State’s fault

Marbury v. Madison

Supreme Court decision (1803) declaring part of the Judiciary of the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional thereby establishing an important precedent in favor of the judicial review.