Bio 112 Final Exam Review

Flashcards created for final exam review covering key concepts and definitions in biology.

What is the definition of a theory in scientific terms?

An explanatory idea that is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence.

What process presents the best answer given the collected evidence?

The process of science.

Who was the first person to propose that evolution occurs?

Charles Darwin.

What are vestigial traits?

Reduced or underdeveloped structures that remain in organisms but no longer function.

Which type of selection means that organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive?

Directional selection.

What describes the introduction of a small population onto an island resulting in a limited gene pool?

The founder effect.

In population genetics, what does p2 represent in the genotype frequency formula?

Homozygous dominant genotype.

Which species concept distinguishes two species based on the degree of gene flow?

Biological species concept.

What was the earliest type of land plant?

Bryophytes.

What is the primary function of a plant's cuticle?

Retention of water.

Which structure is paired incorrectly with its tissue system?

Companion cell-ground tissue.

What type of cells transport sugars over long distances in plants?

Sieve-tube elements.

What is the main function of stomata in plants?

Allow CO2 to enter the inner spaces of the leaf.

What is an acoelomate animal?

An animal that has no coelom.

What are the three embryonic tissue layers?

Endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm.

How do sponges eat?

Filter feeding.

Which adult tissue type covers body surfaces and lines internal cavities?

Epithelial tissue.

How does basal metabolic rate (BMR) correlate with an organism's mass?

As mass increases, BMR decreases.

What is the oxygen-carrying fluid in open circulatory systems called?

Hemolymph.

What function of the blood involves maintaining a stable internal temperature?

Facilitating communication by distributing hormones, carrying oxygen, and maintaing stable internal temperature

In the human systemic circuit, blood will pass through all but which of following?

Lungs

How does oxygen move from the lungs to the bloodstream?

Via diffusion.