Demographic Transition Model

STAGE 1

Both birth rates and death rates fluctuate at a high level giving a small population growth.

STAGE 2

Birth rates are high but death rates decrease rapidly causing rapid population growth.

STAGE 3

Birth rates fall rapidly whilst death rates fall slightly causing a slowly increasing population.

STAGE 4

Both birth rates and death rates are low, fluctuating slightly, creating a steady population.

STAGE 5

Birth rates fall below death rates, causing population to decline.

Italy

Example of a place at stage 5 of the DTM

USA

Example of a place at stage 4 of the DTM

India

Example of a place at stage 3 of the DTM

Ethiopia

Example of a place at stage 2 of the DTM

Traditional rainforest tribes

Example of a place at stage 1 of the DTM

Medical advances

Reduce death rates

Family planning

Can reduce birth rates