Lecture on the French Revolution and Napoleon

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to the French Revolution and Napoleon's rule.

The Ancien Régime

The political and social system of France before the French Revolution, characterized by absolute monarchy and feudal privileges.

Louis XVI

King of France from 1774 until his deposition in 1792. His reign saw the financial crisis that led to the French Revolution.

The Estates-General

A legislative assembly in France representing the three estates: the clergy, the nobility, and the common people.

Coup of Brumaire

The coup d'état that occurred on November 9, 1799, which brought Napoleon Bonaparte to power.

The Directory

The government of France from 1795 until 1799, characterized by corruption and political instability.

The Napoleonic Codes

A set of civil codes established by Napoleon that influenced legal systems in many countries.

The Continental System

An economic blockade against Britain imposed by Napoleon to weaken it by cutting off trade.

The Peninsular War

A conflict between Napoleon's empire and the allied powers of Spain, Britain, and Portugal from 1808 to 1814.

The Hundred Days

The period of Napoleon's return to power from March 20 to June 28, 1815, after escaping exile.

The Treaty of Paris

A series of treaties that ended the Napoleonic Wars, restoring the monarchies of Europe and establishing new borders.

The Revolution of 1789

A period marked by the overthrow of the French monarchy and the establishment of the French Republic.

Robespierre

A key figure in the French Revolution, known for his role in the Reign of Terror and for advocating for revolutionary ideals.

The Terror

A period during the French Revolution characterized by mass executions of perceived enemies of the revolution.

Social Change during the Revolution

Transformations in social class structures, women's roles, and education stemming from revolutionary ideas.

Absolutism

A political system in which a single ruler has complete authority over the government and its people.

Economic Policies of the Directory

Financial measures taken by the Directory to stabilize France's economy, often leading to dissatisfaction and unrest.

Napoleon’s Legacy

The lasting impact of Napoleon’s rule on France and Europe, including legal reforms and military strategies.