Radiation Biology and Dental Radiography

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on Radiation Biology and Dental Radiography, focusing on definitions, risks, effects, and safety measures.

What is radiation?

Radiation is the transmission of energy through space and matter.

What is ionization in the context of radiation?

Ionization is the basic mechanism of tissue damage when atoms of a molecule are separated into charged particles due to exposure to x-rays.

What are the two theories describing radiation injury?

The two theories are the Direct Theory and Indirect Theory.

What is the primary risk associated with ionizing radiation?

All ionizing radiation is harmful and can cause biologic damage.

What is meant by a 'dose-response curve'?

A dose-response curve correlates tissue damage with the dose of radiation received.

What are stochastic effects?

Stochastic effects are direct functions of dose and include outcomes like cancer and genetic mutations that do not depend on the absorbed dose.

What are some characteristics of radiosensitive cells?

Radiosensitive cells are typically dividing, immature, and unspecialized, like blood cells and reproductive cells.

What is the purpose of a lead apron during dental radiography?

To protect the reproductive organs and blood-forming tissues from scatter radiation.

What does ALARA stand for in radiation exposure?

ALARA stands for 'As Low As Reasonably Achievable', which is a principle to minimize radiation exposure.

What is a critical organ in the context of radiation exposure?

A critical organ is one that, if damaged, diminishes the quality of a person’s life, such as the thyroid gland or bone marrow.