AP European History Unit 7 AP-Styled MCQs

The Daughter of Sláva by Jan Kollar in 1821

Here lies the country, alas, before my tear-laden glances,

Once ’twas the cradle, but now – now ’tis the tomb of my race;

Check thou thy steps, for the places are sacred, wherever thou turnest.

Son of the Tatra arise, cast to the heavens thy gaze,

Or to the mighty old oak, that stands there yonder, incline thee,

Holding its own against treacherous time, till to-day.

Ah, but more evil than time, is the man, who a sceptre of iron,

Slavia, on thy neck, here in these lands has imposed;

Worse than savage encounters and fiercer than fire and than thunder –

He who in frenzy blind covers his kindred with shame.

O ye years of the past that as night are lying around me,

O my country, thou art image of glory and shame;

From the treacherous Elbe o’er the plain to the Vistula faithless,1

From the Danube until Baltic’s insatiate foam.

Where the mellifluous tongue of the sturdy Slavs once resounded.

Now it, alas! is still, silenced by onslaughts of hate.

Who has committed this theft that cries for vengeance to heaven?

Who has upon one race outraged the whole of mankind?

Blush thou for shame, O envious Teuton, the neighbour of Sláva,

Many such sins have thine hands often committed of old.

Ne’er has an enemy yet shed blood – or ink – so profusely,

As by the German was shed, compassing Sláva’s decay;

Worthy of freedom is only he who values all freedom,

He who puts captives in bonds – he is a captive himself.

The ideas expressed by Kollar most clearly show the influence of which of the following?

a)Social Darwinism

b) Marxist socialism

c) Romantic nationalism

d) Anti-Semitism

c) Romantic nationalism

"Peoples of these long-oppressed, German lands! As a German I come among you, long-lost brothers who have been won back at great cost! To return you freedom, independence, honor, and happiness in the name of generous-hearted monarchs. Prove yourselves worthy of such great gifts. Earn the blood that has flowed on your behalf. Make willing and immediate sacrifice to secure an honorable, happy future. Seek to earn and preserve what the victorious allied armies* have given you.
Remember the noble German princes, whose rule was happy and who remained worthy in good times and bad. Think of the great Imperial union and the common language, which binds you with us in perpetuity. Prove yourselves worthy of being German, and you will remain so."
* a reference to the forces of Russia, Prussia, and Austria that had defeated Napoleon in Germany the previous year
Declaration of Justus Gruner, newly appointed governor-general of the Middle Rhine region after Napoleon's retreat from Germany, 1814

Which of the following best explains why Napoleon's empire provoked nationalist reactions across Europe, as suggested by the passage?

a) Napoleon's attempts to promote economic and industrial development in his empire threatened the merchant elites of other nations.

b) Napoleon used nationalism to mobilize the mass armies that facilitated his conquests, and his methods were copied and in some cases amplified by his rivals.

c) Napoleon's agreement with the Roman Catholic Church in the Concordat of 1801 provoked nationalist responses in Protestant areas.

d) Napoleon's failure to conquer Russia provoked nationalist fears of the imposition of Eastern Orthodox religion on Europe.

b) Napoleon used nationalism to mobilize the mass armies that facilitated his conquests, and his methods were copied and in some cases amplified by his rivals.

Which of the following artists produced visual works of art most similar to Friedrich's?

a) Joseph Mallord William Turner

b) Edgar Allan Poe

c) Ludwig van Beethoven

d) Eugene Delacroix

d) Eugene Delacroix

All of the following were immediate repercussions of the revolutions of 1848 except

a) Suffrage was extended to the working classes of France

b) The failure of some revolts because of a lack of coordination among revolutionary groups

c) The Czechs and other nationalities in the Austrian empire were crushed by the Austrian armies and the intervention of the Russians

d) Italian states gained total independence from the control of Austria

d) Italian states gained total independence from the control of Austria

At the Congress of Vienna, a principle that guided the deliberations of the diplomats was

a) liberalism

b) self-determination

c) balance of power

d) Nationalism

c) balance of power

Which of the following groups in the nineteenth century would advocate for goals most similar to those of the Equals?

a) Socialists

b) Conservatives

c) Liberals

d) Romantic nationalists

a) Socialists

“The single and undisguised object of the League is to put down commercial monopoly; but that cannot be done by saddling upon our backs a fixed duty [tax] on imported corn [grain], which means a differential duty on sugar, on coffee, and monopoly in every other article. The Corn-law is the great tree of Monopoly, under whose baneful shadow every other restriction exists. It is no fault of ours if with this agitation should be mixed up with the question of rents [paid by tenant farmers to large landowners], and should mingle in a degree that would render it difficult to separate the rights of property from the claims of those who labour under the grievance of these intolerable exactions. It is no fault of ours if the nobility of this country should become as much detested at their own baronial hall doors as were the noblesse of France previous to the Revolution. We are responsible for none of these things. The fault lies with those who support monopoly, who are deaf to reason and justice, and who place themselves upon a pedestal of injustice; a pedestal which is always liable to fall, and always certain to bring down those who stand upon it. Free Trade! What is it? Why, breaking down the barriers that separate nations; those barriers, behind which nestle the feelings of pride, revenge, hatred, and jealousy, which every now and then burst their bounds, and deluge whole countries with blood; those feelings which nourish the poison of war and conquest, which assert that without conquest we can have no trade, which foster that lust for conquest and dominion which sends forth your warrior chiefs to scatter devastation through other lands, and then calls them back only to harass and oppress you at home.”

Richard Cobden, politician and manufacturer, speech to the anti-Corn Law League, 1843

Based on the passage, Cobden would most likely have been associated with which of the following nineteenth-century ideologies?

a) Utopian socialism

b) Conservatism

c) Liberalism

d) Anarchism

c) Liberalism

“The single and undisguised object of the League is to put down commercial monopoly; but that cannot be done by saddling upon our backs a fixed duty [tax] on imported corn [grain], which means a differential duty on sugar, on coffee, and monopoly in every other article. The Corn-law is the great tree of Monopoly, under whose baneful shadow every other restriction exists. It is no fault of ours if with this agitation should be mixed up with the question of rents [paid by tenant farmers to large landowners], and should mingle in a degree that would render it difficult to separate the rights of property from the claims of those who labour under the grievance of these intolerable exactions. It is no fault of ours if the nobility of this country should become as much detested at their own baronial hall doors as were the noblesse of France previous to the Revolution. We are responsible for none of these things. The fault lies with those who support monopoly, who are deaf to reason and justice, and who place themselves upon a pedestal of injustice; a pedestal which is always liable to fall, and always certain to bring down those who stand upon it. Free Trade! What is it? Why, breaking down the barriers that separate nations; those barriers, behind which nestle the feelings of pride, revenge, hatred, and jealousy, which every now and then burst their bounds, and deluge whole countries with blood; those feelings which nourish the poison of war and conquest, which assert that without conquest we can have no trade, which foster that lust for conquest and dominion which sends forth your warrior chiefs to scatter devastation through other lands, and then calls them back only to harass and oppress you at home.”

Richard Cobden, politician and manufacturer, speech to the anti-Corn Law League, 1843

Which of the following conclusions about the economic and political structure

of Great Britain is best supported by the passage?

(A) Imperial expansion was extremely unpopular among British elites.

(B) In spite of parliamentary reforms, radical political revolution was widely

supported by the bourgeoisie.

(C) Mercantilist economic policies were widely supported by the British

working class.

(D) Despite changes brought about by industrialization, landed elites still retained significant power.

(D) Despite changes brought about by industrialization, landed elites still retained significant power.

“The single and undisguised object of the League is to put down commercial monopoly; but that cannot be done by saddling upon our backs a fixed duty [tax] on imported corn [grain], which means a differential duty on sugar, on coffee, and monopoly in every other article. The Corn-law is the great tree of Monopoly, under whose baneful shadow every other restriction exists. It is no fault of ours if with this agitation should be mixed up with the question of rents [paid by tenant farmers to large landowners], and should mingle in a degree that would render it difficult to separate the rights of property from the claims of those who labour under the grievance of these intolerable exactions. It is no fault of ours if the nobility of this country should become as much detested at their own baronial hall doors as were the noblesse of France previous to the Revolution. We are responsible for none of these things. The fault lies with those who support monopoly, who are deaf to reason and justice, and who place themselves upon a pedestal of injustice; a pedestal which is always liable to fall, and always certain to bring down those who stand upon it. Free Trade! What is it? Why, breaking down the barriers that separate nations; those barriers, behind which nestle the feelings of pride, revenge, hatred, and jealousy, which every now and then burst their bounds, and deluge whole countries with blood; those feelings which nourish the poison of war and conquest, which assert that without conquest we can have no trade, which foster that lust for conquest and dominion which sends forth your warrior chiefs to scatter devastation through other lands, and then calls them back only to harass and oppress you at home.”

Richard Cobden, politician and manufacturer, speech to the anti-Corn Law League, 1843

The eventual adoption of Cobden’s ideas by the British government contributed most directly to which of the following developments in the late nineteenth century?

(A) The increase in social tensions between the land-owning aristocracy and other classes in Great Britain

(B) The growth of a global economic network

(C) The increasing incidence of famine due to decreased food production in Great Britain

(D) The rising desire for national self-determination among ethnic minorities

(B) The growth of a global economic network

In the nineteenth century, the events depicted on the maps came to be seen as a problem primarily due to the emergence of

a) conservatism

b) socialism

c) nationalism

d) imperialism

c) nationalism

A major reason for the trend identified in a map of Europe is

a) Due to the Enlightenment ideal of equality, serfs rebelled in Eastern and Central Europe

b) France, as it had done before under Napoleon, ruled much of Europe

c) The desire of Germanic people to have more of a say in their governments

d) Political freedom made it easy for people to rebel

a) Due to the Enlightenment ideal of equality, serfs rebelled in Eastern and Central Europe

The unification of several groups of Slavs into the single state of Yugoslavia would have been supported by

a) Both Kollar and van Beust

b) Only Kollar

d) Neither Kollar or van Beust

c) Only van Beust

b) Only Kollar

“Experience has no value for the arrogant man; faith is nothing to him. He substitutes for faith a pretended individual conviction, and he dispenses with all inquiry and study. For inquiry and study appear too trivial to a mind that believes itself strong enough to embrace at one glance all questions and all facts. Laws have no value for him, because he has not made them. Besides, he thinks it would be beneath a man like him to recognize hte rules established by earlier generatiosn that he considers rude and ignorant. Instead, he believes that power resides in himself alone.”

Klemens von Metternich, letter to Tsar Alexander I, 1820

Metternich likely expressed these sentiments in a letter to the tsar because of

a) Russia's close cooperation with Austria against the Ottoman Empire

b) Russia's strong support for the Concert of

Europe after the Congress of Vienna

c) Russia's support for Slavic independence movements in the Balkans

d) Russia's expansionist aims in Central and East Asia

b) Russia's strong support for the Concert of Europe after the Congress of Vienna

Image 1

Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes, Spanish painter, Rightly or Wrongly (1810), etching showing Spanish civilians fighting against Napoleon’s soldiers during the Peninsular War

Image 2

Anonymous German engraving (1817), showing members of a German student society burning monarchist books and symbols at a commemoration of the four-year anniversary of Napoleon’s defeat at the Battle of Leipzig

A historian would be most likely to use the two images as evidence that the Napoleonic Wars

(A) affected civilians in Germany less severely than they did civilians in Spain

(B) inspired nationalist sentiment in both Germany and Spain

(C) brought about resistance to French rule in Spain but not in Germany

(D) led artists in both Spain and Germany to experiment with new styles and subject matter

(B) inspired nationalist sentiment in both Germany and Spain

Image 1

Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes, Spanish painter, Rightly or Wrongly (1810), etching showing Spanish civilians fighting against Napoleon’s soldiers during the Peninsular War

Image 2

Anonymous German engraving (1817), showing members of a German student society burning monarchist books and symbols at a commemoration of the four-year anniversary of Napoleon’s defeat at the Battle of Leipzig

In the period 1815-1830, which of the following best represented the most immediate goal of political dissidents in the German states, such as the members of the student society depicted in the image above?

a) To overthrow the reactionary regimes of the Restoration period, established at the Congress of Vienna

b) To hasten the industrialization of the German states by persuading governments to adopt more business-friendly policies

c) To unify the German states under Prussian leadership

d) To put a stop to the spread of the political ideas of the French Revolution among the German public

a) To overthrow the reactionary regimes of the Restoration period, established at the Congress of Vienna

“Experience has no value for the arrogant man; faith is nothing to him. He substitutes for faith a pretended individual conviction, and he dispenses with all inquiry and study. For inquiry and study appear too trivial to a mind that believes itself strong enough to embrace at one glance all questions and all facts. Laws have no value for him, because he has not made them. Besides, he thinks it would be beneath a man like him to recognize hte rules established by earlier generatiosn that he considers rude and ignorant. Instead, he believes that power resides in himself alone.”

Klemens von Metternich, letter to Tsar Alexander I, 1820

Based on the letter and its context, Metternich most clearly supported which of the following principles?

a) The redistribution of resources and wealth

b) The right to national self-determination

c) The application of scientific laws to society

d) The maintenance of traditional social structures and values

d) The maintenance of traditional social structures and values

Territorial changes made by the Congress of Vienna were supposed to serve what purpose?

a) establish a principle of legitimacy

b) support the principle of intervention

c) strengthen Metternich's home state of Austria

d) Create a balance of power

d) Create a balance of power

Which leader or thinker would have most likely agreed with the ideas expressed by Nicholas I?

a) emmeline pankhurst

b) karl marx

c) john stuart mill

d) prince klemmens von metternich

d) prince klemmens von metternich

In the nineteenth century, the events depicted on the maps came to be seen as a problems primarily due to the emergence of

a) conservatism

b) socialism

c) nationalism

d) imperialism

c) nationalism

Based on the passage above, it can be inferred that Mills was most influenced by which of the following?

a) Voltaire and Diderot's philosophies of skepticism

b) the ideas of Adam Smith that challenged mercantilism

c) locke and rousseau's emphasis on the concept of natural rights

d) the enlightened reforms of catherine the great

c) locke and rousseau's emphasis on the concept of natural rights

The passage above is an example of which of the following developments in nineteenth century Europe?

a) liberalism and its emphasis on individual rights

b) the conservative ideology based on the idea that human nature was not perfectible

c) Socialism and its call for fair distribution of society's resources

d) the movement in Great Britain for universal male suffrage

a) liberalism and its emphasis on individual rights

Romantic style can best be understood as

a) a celebration of the progress made by the industrial revolution

b) anger of revolts and revolutions of the 19th century

c) a reaction against the reason and logic of the neoclassical art of the enlightenment period

d) a reaction against the catholic church

c) a reaction against the reason and logic of the neoclassical art of the enlightenment period

Which of the following best explains why many saw Napoleon as an oppressor, as stated in the passage?

a) While he created some representative institutions in conquered regions, in practice these were manipulated to keep Napoleon's regime in power

b) he redrew territorial boundaries to meet popular nationalist demands such as creating a new polish state out of prussian, austrian, and russian territory

c) he imposed the code napoleon, a system of laws based of french revolutionary principles, on territories conquered by his armies

d) the creation of systems of primary education under napoleon was seen as an unjustified intrusion into family life

a) While he created some representative institutions in conquered regions, in practice these were manipulated to keep Napoleon's regime in power

The charter of censorship represents which important aspect of post-Napoleonic empire?

a) revolution

b) romanticism

c) nationalism

d) conservatism

d) conservatism

Which of the following events led indirectly to Italian unification?

a) The Greek Revolt

b) The foundation of the Second French Empire

c) The wars of German unification

d) The Crimean War

c) The wars of German unification

All of the following contributed to the nineteenth-century decline of the Ottoman Empire except

a) Establishment of a Russian protectorate over Moldavia and Wallachia

b) A nationalistic revolt in Greece that led to Greek independence

c) The loss of Hungary and Transylvania to the Habsburgs

d) Serbian demands for autonomy, which led to the independence of Serbia

c) The loss of Hungary and Transylvania to the Habsburgs

All of the following contributed to the Kingdom of Piedmont's leading role in Italian unification except

a) Its entry into the Crimean War on the side of the allies

b) The leadership of Giuseppe Garibaldi

c) Its economic and industrial expansion

d) King Victor Emmanuel II's appointment of Cavour as prime minister

b) The leadership of Giuseppe Garibaldi

Which of the following Marxist ideas is represented by the poster above?

a) Creation of a classless society

b) Creation of an international Marxist society

c) Theory of surplus value

d) The dialectical process

b) Creation of an international Marxist society

All of the following were outcomes of the Franco-Prussian War except

a) The Second French Empire collapsed

b) Leadership of the Second German Empire was dominated by Bavaria and Wurttemburg

c) France gave up provinces of Alsace and Lorraine

d) King William I became Emperor of the Second German Empire

b) Leadership of the Second German Empire was dominated by Bavaria and Wurttemburg

Which of the following would best explain Lynch's rationale for Alexander II's reforms?

a) The influence of the landed elites, who had prevented any prior reform, led to Russian losses during the Crimean War

b) The persistence of primitive agricultural practices and landowning patterns led to Russian losses during the Crimean War

c) The influence of socialism in Russia, which called for more equitable distribution of society's resources led Alexander II to ask his nobles to carry out the reforms rather than risk future revolutions

d) Revolutionary ideals that emphasized equality and human rights spread in Russia.

b) The persistence of primitive agricultural practices and landowning patterns led to Russian losses during the Crimean War

Which of the following was an immediate result of the Austro-Prussian War (1866)?

a) The Emperor Francis Joseph abdicated.

b) The German Empire was established.

c) Prussia dominated the German unification movement.

d) Austria annexed Bohemia.

c) Prussia dominated the German unification movement.

As a result of the Compromise of 1867, Austria and Hungary

a) Had a shared capital city

b) Had a shared constitution

c) Had separate armies

d) Had a shared monarchy

d) Had a shared monarchy

Which of the following best describes the condition of the peasants in the years following emancipation?

a) The peasants were freed and enjoyed the use of land provided to them free of cost by the government.

b) The peasants were prosperous, since they were given some of the best farmland by the government.

c) The peasants were hindered by primitive agricultural practices and a lack of real land reform.

d) The peasants were free landowners, and many of them joined village mirs that provided free use of community farming tools and seeds.

c) The peasants were hindered by primitive agricultural practices and a lack of real land reform.

Based on the image above, all of the following would be characteristics of Realism except

a) An interest in the natural environment

b) An attempt at photographic imitation

c) An emphasis on imagination and emotion

d) A desire to depict the life of everyday people

c) An emphasis on imagination and emotion

All of the following statements about the Crimean War are true except

a) France and Britain declared war on Russia in order to preserve a balance of power.

b) A majority of the deaths during the war came from disease rather than the battlefield.

c) War broke out after Russia demanded the right to protect Christian shrines in Palestine

d) Russia allied with the Ottoman Empire in order to prevent French and British control of the Black Sea

d) Russia allied with the Ottoman Empire in order to prevent French and British control of the Black Sea

The constitution that Otto von Bismarck created for the united German Empire included

a) recognition of the Socialist Party

b) worker ownership of some major industries

c) universal male suffrage for parliament

d) a dual monarchy with Austria-Hungary

c) universal male suffrage for parliament

In The Communist Manifesto (1848), Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels asserted that

a)the goals of nationalism and socialism were inseparable

b)technology was evil and would bring more suffering than benefits to the working class

c)capitalism was a necessary stage of economic and social development

d)the working class was so oppressed that it was unable to help itself

c)capitalism was a necessary stage of economic and social development

According to Marx and Engels, the ultimate goal of society was

a) The creation of a permanent dictatorship to restore order and equality.

b) The creation of labor unions to promote the welfare of the working class.

c) The promotion of religious liberties through government protections.

d) The creation of a classless society

d) The creation of a classless society

Which of the following was the most important result of the Crimean War?

a)It was the final step in German unification.

b)It shattered the Concert of Europe, realigning alliance systems.

It revealed the weakness of the Ottoman Empire.

d)It awarded Russia control of the straits, allowing Russia to control the Mediterranean.

b)It shattered the Concert of Europe, realigning alliance systems.

Darwin's views of what he termed "savages" are best explained by which of the following?

a)The development of Freudian psychology with its emphasis on human irrationality

b)The growing influence of Marxist materialist conceptions of cultural and economic development

c)The conceptions of European cultural and racial superiority common at the time

d)The revival of religious sentiment in response to the Enlightenment and Romantic movements

c)The conceptions of European cultural and racial superiority common at the time

The 1860 cartoon above illustrates which of the following?

a) Garibaldi replacing Cavour as Victor Emmanuel's principal adviser

b) Garibaldi presenting liberated Italian territory to Victor Emmanuel

c) The complete unification of Italy, including Rome

d) Garibaldi asking for more ammunition from Victor Emmanuel to help free southern Italy

b) Garibaldi presenting liberated Italian territory to Victor Emmanuel

which of the following best explains the historical significance of darwins argument in the passage?

a) it made the first argument in favor of colonization in the tierra del fuego region

b) it made the first argument that there was a hierarchy of races among human races

c) it made an explicit claim that evolutionary development applied to human beings

d) it made an explicit claim that dogs were related to wolves and jackals

c) it made an explicit claim that evolutionary development applied to human beings

Spencer's ideas can best be connected to what scientific theory espoused about this same period of time?

a) Marxist socialism

b) Theory of natural selection

c) The germ theory

d) Theory of relativity

b) Theory of natural selection

The only African countries to remain politically independent following the "scramble for Africa" by European countries in the late nineteenth century were

a) South Africa and Rhodesia

b) Nigeria and the Congo

c) Morocco and Algeria

d) Liberia and Abyssinia (Ethiopia)

d) Liberia and Abyssinia (Ethiopia)

The willingness of Russia to support Serbia, as mentioned by Cartwright, is best explained by which of the following?

a) Attempts to unite all Slavic peoples into a single nation-state

b) Initiatives to create an effective international disarmament treaty

c) Efforts to block British influence in the Balkans

d) Development of an increasingly rigid system of alliances involving all major European powers

d) Development of an increasingly rigid system of alliances involving all major European powers

Which of the following was a major factor contributing to the changes shown on the maps?

a) The declining power of the Ottoman Empire

b) European advances in medicine and military technology

c) Increasing nationalism in Africa

d) The loss of European empires in the Americas

b) European advances in medicine and military technology

Herzl believed that European governments would support his Zionist movement because

a) Most European governments were anti-Semitic to some extent and would benefit from the departure of the Jews.

b) Many European citizens were in favor of improving conditions for the Jews and allowing them the right to vote.

c) Most European countries at the time had significantly powerful Jewish leaders within their governments.

d) European governments were eager to gain a foothold in the declining Ottoman Empire by supporting the creation of Jewish state in that region.

a) Most European governments were anti-Semitic to some extent and would benefit from the departure of the Jews.

Theodor Herzl, the leader of the Zionist movement...

a) Argued that living conditions for Jews were better in eastern Europe than in western Europe.

b) Argued that Jewish assimilation into western European society would only be complete when Jews renounced their religious beliefs.

c) Advocated for the development of separate Jewish communities in European cities.

d) Sought to spare European Jews the indignities of growing anti-Semitism by advocating for the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine

d) Sought to spare European Jews the indignities of growing anti-Semitism by advocating for the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine

The shaded areas on the map shown above formed part of the colonial empire of

a) Great Britain

b) France

c) Germany

d) Belgium

c) Germany

Compared to Cook's portrayal of the inhabitants of Australia in the late eighteenth century, the predominant European view of non-European peoples in the late nineteenth century had changed in which of the following ways?

a) Europeans in the late nineteenth century tended to view lack of technological development as evidence of cultural inferiority.

b) Europeans in the late nineteenth century tended to view climate as less significant than other factors in determining social development.

c) Europeans in the late nineteenth century tended to view less structured and hierarchical societies as more desirable political models.

d) Europeans in the late nineteenth century tended to view economically undeveloped societies as fairer and more just.

a) Europeans in the late nineteenth century tended to view lack of technological

In contrast to the Meiji Restoration...

a) Korea's failure to modernize led to a series of revolutions and eventually its annexation.

b) China experienced "humiliations" during the nineteenth century that eventually led to the overthrow of the Manchu Dynasty.

c) China experienced rapid modernization, Westernization, and reform, which increased its stability.

d) Revolutions in India carried out by the Sepoys allowed Indians to retain their independence and culture.

b) China experienced "humiliations" during the nineteenth century that eventually led to the overthrow of the Manchu Dynasty.

The policies described in the second paragraph of the source are most closely related to which of the following economic systems?

a) Marxism, which saw the destructive aspects of industrialization as leading to the unavoidable overthrow of capitalism

b) Utopian socialism, which tried to replace capitalist control over industry with local, cooperative ownership

c) Mercantilism, which sought to maximize the home country's positive balance of trade

d) Laissez-faire liberalism, which aimed for goods to be produced in the regions where they could be created most cheaply and efficiently

c) Mercantilism, which sought to maximize the home country's positive balance of trade

Which of the following best summarizes changes that occurred in Russia from 1861 to 1905?

a) An era of emancipation and reform under Alexander II was followed by an era of intense political repression and reactionary policies by the Tsarist governments of Alexander III and Nicholas II

b) An era of industrialization under finance minister Sergei Witte was followed by a period of economic growth and stability under the leadership of Tsar Nicholas II.

c) An era of repression and reactionary policies under Alexander II was followed by a period of emancipation and reform under Alexander III.

d) An era of industrialization under Alexander II was followed by a period of intense repression and autocracy under the communist governments of Lenin and Stalin.

a) An era of emancipation and reform under Alexander II was followed by an era of intense political repression and reactionary policies by the Tsarist governments of Alexander III and Nicholas II

Which of the following arguments would be most successfully supported by Fabri's position?

a) A reason to develop colonies would be the idea of "Social Darwinism."

b) Nineteenth-century imperialism was simply a continuation of an earlier age of colonial expansion.

c) European encounters with non-Europeans provoked debate over colonization.

d) Non-Europeans often challenged European imperialism through nationalistic movements during the late nineteenth century.

b) Nineteenth-century imperialism was simply a continuation of an earlier age of colonial expansion.

The Russian Revolution of 1905 was inspired by all of the following except

a) Dissatisfied nationalities in regions dominated by minority ethnic Russians.

b) The peasants' desire for land.

c) Massive food shortages in Russian cities.

d) Government reform of religious institutions

d) Government reform of religious institutions

All of the following statements regarding the Kulturkampf are true except

a) Bismarck abandoned the Kulturkampf in order to concentrate on attacking the socialists.

b) Bismarck abandoned the Kulturkampf in order to gain support from the Socialist Democratic Party.

c) Bismarck distrusted Catholic loyalty to the new Germany.

d) During the Kulturkampf, Bismarck received support from the liberals.

b) Bismarck abandoned the Kulturkampf in order to gain support from the Socialist Democratic Party.

One major issue between Austria and Serbia in the early 1900s was the conflict over

a) Serbia's desire to unite with Hungary

b) Austria's annexation of territories with large populations of ethnic Slavic people

c) The dissolution of the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary

d) Austria's failure to grant independence to Serbia

b) Austria's annexation of territories with large populations of ethnic Slavic people

The British actions described in the passages best explain which of the following reactions in the late nineteenth century?

a) Many European countries began to lower trade barriers in order to take advantage of British colonial imports.

b) British colonial subjects who received a western education created nationalistic movements to resist imperialism.

c) Rival European states, such as France and Germany, sought to draw Britain into alliance structures in order to minimize conflict over overseas empires.

d) European states created state-run trading companies to manage profits from colonial exports.

b) British colonial subjects who received a western education created nationalistic movements to resist imperialism.

compared with a late-nineteenth-century Social Darwinist view of the world, Voltaire's view in the passage is

a) more accepting of the idea of a racial basis for the differences between European and non-European societies

b) less reliant on notions of European cultural superiority

c) more skeptical of the ability of science to explain the natural world

d) less accepting of the idea that humans are rational animals

b) less reliant on notions of European cultural superiority

the victorian shift in attitudes toward africa described by ferguson was most strongly connected to which nineteenth-century development?

a) the defeat of france in the napoleonic wars and the effective end of colonial competition with france in much of the world

b) the growth of domestic social reform movements in britain

c) the incorporation of african themes and motifs into european art

d) the increased demand for african raw materials such as rubber

b) the growth of domestic social reform movements in britain

the changes shown on the maps contributed most directly to

a) the dissolution of austria-hungary

b) the greater integration of eastern europe into the global trade system

c) the modernization of the russian empire

d) the destabilization of the european balance of power

d) the destabilization of the european balance of power

which artist would be considered the most similae in artistic style to van Gogh?

a) berthe morisot

b) wassily kandinsky

c) pablo picasso

d) paul cezanne

d) paul cezanne

which of the following systems was justified by the views of herbert spencer?

a) imperialism

b) reformism

c) religious modernism

d) progressivism

a) imperialism

which of the following groups was the biggest proponent of expanded suffrage in the 19th century?

a) conservatives

b) catholics and members of the clergy

c) liberals

d) revolutionary socialists

c) liberals

the process shown on the maps had which of the following effects on european politics in the period?

a) it led to a powerful backlash against colonialism among newly enfranchised working-class voters

b) it provided a means for european governments to lessen political radicalism by deporting dissidents to their colonies

c) it increased tensions among rival european powers by creating another venue for international competition

d) it destabilized the governments of many european countries that struggled to meet the costs of their new colonies

c) it increased tensions among rival european powers by creating another venue for international competition

MCQ1: The guy in the white is Otto von Bismarck, why was he painted at the center instead of Emperor Wilhelm I?

A. Bismarck was being made Emperor

B. Bismarck's statesmanship led to creation of empire

C. Wilhelm was too unbalanced to attend the ceremony

D. It was clear the monarchy wouldn't last

B. Bismarck's statesmanship led to creation of empire

MCQ 1: Why did the proclamation of the German Empire take place in a French palace?

A. Bismarck wanted Germany to be like France

B. Wilhelm was visiting Napoleon III when this took place

C. France had just lost the war that made German empire possible

D. The Palace of Versailles was the biggest building call of Europe

C. France had just lost the war that made German empire possible

MCQ 2: Which of the following best explain the patterns of European influence on Africa by 1914?

A. European countries that were fist too explore Africa were most dominant

B. European countries that were first to industrialize were most dominant

C. European countries with democratic governments were less like to dominate

D. European countries that were strongly religious were most likely to dominate.

B. European countries that were first to industrialize were most dominant

MCQ 2: All of the following were factors leading to territorial developments seen in the map EXCEPT...

A. European diseases that ravaged African populations

B. European missionary activity in Africa

C. European development of new military weapons

D. Europe's desire for raw materials

A. European diseases that ravaged African populations

MCQ 3: Why was India so valuable to Great Britain in the 19th century?

A. It supplied fish & coal

B. It was a source for immigrant workers

C. It had a well established shipbuilding industry

D. It provided a new market for British goods.

D. It provided a new market for British goods.

MCQ 3: Queen Victoria allowed herself to be photographed in this setting hoping viewers would believe all of the following EXCEPT...

A. she was hardworking

B. she was mistress of her empire

C. she supported the suffrage movement

D. she was a responsible queen

C. she supported the suffrage movement

MCQ 4: This poem embodies the ideas of which art movement?

A. romanticism

B. realism

C. impressionism

D. rationalism

A. Romanticism

MCQ 4: This poem seems to reject...

A. organized religion

B. humanistic influences

C. Enlightenment principles

D. intuition and emotion

C. Enlightenment principles

Jeremy Bentham was utilitarian; what-ism would most agree with him?

Liberalism

Ironically, this same place would be the site of what future event in German history? (Think about the purpose of this event)

The dissolution of German empire in 1919

Which of the following was NOT a problem with imperialism in Africa?

Opium Wars

Why was the proclamation of the German Empire help in a French palace?

France lost war to make the empire possible

Which socialist politician helped create national workshops in France?

Louis Blanc

What 19th century-ism worked to improve problems described in L'assommoir?

Socialism

Who is the guy wearing white in the middle of this painting?

Otto von Bismarck

Which philosophy was most responsible for territorial developments such as in the map?

Social Darwinism

Which of these people would not support nationalism and unification of countries?

Klemens von Metternich

What -ism best describes Edmund Burke?

Conservatism

The Zollverein and German unity most relates to which -ism?

Nationalism

Who was the intended audience for Flora Tristan's Worker's Union?

The proletariat

What was the main focus of the first industrial revolution?

Textiles

Emile Zola's L'assommoir relates to what art movement?

Realism

Which of the following would disagree with government reforms for the economy?

Adam Smith

What was a long term effect of the Zollverein trade union?

Increased industrialization in Germany

What -ism best describes Klemens von Metternich?

Conservatism

Flora Tristan' s The Worker's Union best supports which -ism?

Socialism

Which of the following was not a motive for industrialization?

Spread European disease to make it easier to take over

Who wrote the Iron Law of Wages?

David Ricardo

Which of the following most directly led to the spread of ideas such as those express in this image?

Desire to spread French Revolution ideas