Lab 8 - Appendicular Muscles

Deltoid

Abducts the arm at the shoulder, flexes and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder, and extends and laterally rotates the arm at the shoulder.

Biceps brachii

Flexes the arm and forearm at the shoulder and elbow, respectively, and rotates the radius to supinate the hand.

Brachialis

Flexes the forearm at the elbow.

Triceps brachii

Antagonistic to the brachialis, extends the forearm and arm at the elbow and shoulder, respectively.

Extensor carpi radialis

Extends and abducts the hand at the wrist functioning in radial hand movement at the wrist.

Pronator teres

Pronates the forearm and aids in flexing the forearm at the elbow.

Flexor carpi radialis

Flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist.

Extensor digitorum

Extends the four medial digits, spreads the digits as it extends them, and extends the wrist if the fingers are flexed.

Brachioradialis

Flexes the forearm at the elbow and supinates and pronates the forearm at the joint between the radius and ulna so the forearm is in a neutral position.

Flexor digitorum

Flexes the four medial digits.

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexes and adducts the hand at the wrist.

Tensor fasciae latae

Flexes and rotates the thigh away from the midline at the hip.

Pectineus

Flexes and draws the thigh toward the midline at the hip and medially rotates the thigh.

Adductor longus

Adducts and flexes the thigh at the hip.

Sartorius

Flexes the calf at the knee and flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh if flexed at the hip.

Vastus lateralis & medialis

Extends the leg at the knee

Rectus femoris

Extends the leg at the knee. Also flexes the thigh at the hip.

Gluteus maximus

Laterally rotates and extends the thigh at the hip.

Semitendinosus

Flexes the leg at the knee, extends the thigh at the hip, and medially rotates the thigh.

Semimembranosus

Flexes the leg at the knee, extends the thigh at the hip, and medially rotates the tibia.

Biceps femoris

Flexes the leg at the knee, extends the thigh at the hip, and rotates the thigh laterally if flexed.

Tibialis anterior

Dorsally flexes the foot at the ankle and inverts and adducts the foot.

Extensor digitorum longus

Extends the four lateral toes and everts the foot at the ankle

Peroneus longus

Everts and abducts the foot. It also weakly provides plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle and everts the foot at the intertarsal joints.

Gastrocnemius

Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle and flexes the leg at the knee (when not bearing weight).

Soleus

Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle; it is located beneath the gastrocnemius. (Remove the gastrocnemius to locate here)

Calcaneal tendon

Originates from the muscles of the calf (gastrocnemius/soleus) and inserts on calcaneus

Patellar ligament

Connects the patella to the tibial tuberosity.