Lyme Disease

Incidental/ Accidental Host

a host that can become infected with a pathogen but is not essential for maintenance of agent in nature

Dead end hosts

Does not transmit infectious agent further

Accidental and dead end hosts

Can become infected but does not maintain the agent nor transmit the agent further

Lyme disease- what are dogs and humans 

Dogs and humans are accidental hosts (via tick) but dogs dead end for Lyme, humans are not 

Is Tickborne diseases higher or lower prevalence in Eastern vs Western US

Higher in East

Lower in West

When are most cases of Lyme Seen

Late spring to summer

Borrelia Burgdorferi

North America, Europe

Borrelia mayonii

North America (very rare) Upper Midwest only

Borrelia asfezelii

Europe, Asia

Borrelia Garinii

Europe, Asia

Metazoonoses

A biological Vector, essential part of maintenance cycle

Infection with B Burgdorferi requires Prescence of

Biological vector (Tick): black legged tick( Ixodes Scapularis) NE, mid Atlantic, NC, USA

Western Blacklegged tick (Ixodes Pacificus ) in West 

Primary Reservoir Hosts of Lyme

White tailed Foot mouse in east US

Lizards (inefficient reservoirs) on West Coast 

Do dogs Transmit Borrelia to other animals and humans

no 

Lyme Disease presentation in humans

Multiple EM Rashes

Cranial Neuritis, Radiculoneuritis, lymphocytic meningitis

carditis

Arthritis

Which animals has Lyme been reported in

Horses cattle cats but Best in dogs

Lyme diagnosis

Serology: SNAP 4DX plus tests

PCR

C6 Antibody Test in dogs

Quantitative C6 has no association between magnitude of titer and disease severity

Lyme Disease and Coinfections

Anaplasmosis and Babesiosis

Blacklegged ticks may transmit pathogens that cause

Anaplasmosis, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, Hard tick relapse fever, Borrelia Mayonii

Lone star tick causes what

Red meat allergy

Prevention and control

Antibiotics- acute arthritis respond to doxycycline 

Dogs with chronic immune mediated Polyarthropathy require Steroids