B.2.1.1 Introduction to kinematics/linear kinematics

Vector

A measurement that has both direction and magnitude.

Scalar

A measurement that only has magnitude.

Distance

Length of the path a body follows (scalar).

Displacement

How far and in what direction something moves from its starting point to its finishing point (vector).

Speed

The rate at which an object covers distance (scalar).

Velocity

The rate at which an object changes its position (vector).

Acceleration

Rate at which velocity changes with respect to time (vector).

Force

Any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object (vector).

Momentum

Refers to how much motion an object has (vector).

Impulse

Contact time determines the force applied on the object (vector).

Formula for Speed

Speed = distance/time (m/s).

Formula for Velocity

Velocity = displacement/time taken (m/s).

Formula for Acceleration

Acceleration = (Final velocity - initial velocity)/time (m/s^2).

Formula for Force

Force = mass x acceleration (N).

Formula for Momentum

Momentum = mass x velocity (kg/m/s).

Formula for Impulse

Impulse = force x time (N-s).