IB psychology biological approach vocabulary

case study

a research method that involves an in-depth analysis of a specific individual, group, or situation

localization of function

refers to the idea that specific functions are controlled by specific areas of the brain.

neuroplasticity

refers to the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.

acetylcholine

Neurotransmitter responsible for muscle contraction, memory, and learning. Plays a role in the parasympathetic nervous system.

neurotransmitter

Chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons, muscles, or glands.

antagonist

A substance that blocks or inhibits the action of a neurotransmitter or hormone by binding to its receptors, preventing its normal function.

neural pruning

Process in brain development where unused neural connections are eliminated to increase efficiency and optimize functionality.

agonist

a chemical that amplifies the effect of a neurotransmitter by binding to the receptor sites of that neurotransmitter and activating them

excitatory neurotransmitter

binds to receptor sites and increases the chances of the post-synaptic neuron firing

adrenaline

a stress hormone known as epinephrine

phermones

a chemical substance produced and released into the environment by an animal that affects the behavior or physiology of others of its own species

the social competition hypothesis

depression is an unconscious, involuntary strategy for losing that allows people to accept defeat in competitive situations