Dual Credit Chemistry Chapter 12
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33 Terms
Substance that is in the smaller amount
solute
Substance that is in the larger amount
solvent
Homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
solution
Maximum amount of solute is dissolved
saturated
More solute is able to dissolve
unsaturated
Greater than the max amount of solute is dissolved
supersaturated
Liquids that dissolve in each other
miscible
Liquids that are not soluble in each other
immiscible
The amount of solute compared to the amount of solvent
concentration
Solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure on the surface of the liquid
Henry’s law
What are the properties of solutions?
Homogeneous, extremely small particles, can be separated by evaporation
What occurs in solvation?
The solvent molecules surround the solute
How do water molecules arrange themselves around an ion?
Hydrogen surrounds negative, oxygen surrounds positive
How does the solubility of a solid change with temperature (most of the time)?
Directly proportional
What makes a solid solute dissolve faster?
Increase in temperature, agitation, crushing
What happens when you add more solute to a supersaturated solution?
Crystalizes
What happens when you add more solute to a saturated solution?
Sinks
How does the solubility of a gas change with temperature?
Inversely related
How does the solubility of a gas change with pressure?
Directly proportional
How is molarity calculated?
moles of solute/L of solution
What do colligative properties depend on?
Number of particles
What dissolves in a polar substance
Polar and ionic
Low pressure causes gas to leave the solution
effervescence
How do you calculate molarity?
moles of solute/liters of solution
How do you calculate molality?
moles of solute/kg of solvent
How do you calculate mass percent
mass of solute/mass of solution x 100
How do you calculate parts per million?
mg/L
How do you calculate parts per billion?
μg/L
Abbreviation for Molarity
M
Abbreviation for Molality
m
Abbreviation for mass percent
%
Abbreviation for parts per million
ppm
Abbreviation for parts per billion
ppb
Note 
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