Studied by 20 people
define the term ‘overweight’
you weigh more than the average expected weight for your age, this can be due to high muscle mass.
define the term ‘overfat’
you have more bodyfat than you should have
define the term ‘obese’
people who are very overfat to the point that it’s very unhealthy
list the effects of being overweight
none
list 2 effects of being overfat
high cholesterol
high blood pressure
list 3 effects of being obese
mobility issues and stress on bones/joints
heart disease
depression
explain ‘a vicious cycle’
once someone becomes obese, its hard for them to lose weight and become healthy. Some of the effects of being overfat/obese limit physical activity making it even harder to lose weight. It also makes you become fatigued, limiting physical activity , making it even harder to lose weight.
define ‘diet’
what we eat on a da-day basis. its important to maintain a balanced diet to live a healthy lifestyle.
what is a balanced diet
eating the right foods in the right amounts enabling us to function well and exercise properly
list the 7 categories of items we need in a balanced diet
carbs
protien
fats
water
fibre
vitamins
minerals
what does energy balance ensure
that the quantity we eat evens out with how many calories we use
what happens when we take in less calories than we burn
we lose weight
what happens when we take in the same amount of calories as we burn
we maintain weight
what happens when we take in more calories than we burn
we gain weight
define the term ‘optimum weight’
the ideal weight that someone should be
list 4 factors affecting weight
bone structure
height
sex
muscle girth
define the term ‘nutrients’
something that gives nourishment to the body
list the 2 types of nutrients
micronutrients (smaller quantities)
macronutrients (larger quantities)
what is macronutrients needed for
needed for energy, growth and repair. Everyone needs them but people who take part in physical activity need it more
explain ‘carbohydrates’
should be eaten in greater quantities compared to other macronutrients as it provides us with the energy we use for activity
list 4 example of carbohydrates
bread
rice
potatoes
pasta
explain ‘fats’
consume in smaller amounts compared to other macronutrients . it provides us with energy. it can be stored in body causing weight gain
give 2 examples of fats
oil
butter
explain ‘protein’
used for growth and repair and can produce energy but that isn’t the main function
give 5 examples of protiens
cheese
milk
chicken
fish
eggs
meat
what do vitamins and minerals help with
your immune system
general health growth
why do we need fresh vitamins/minerals every day
our bodies can store some vitamins/minerals but not all can be stored.
list and define the 2 main micronutrients
vitamin D- found in dairy foods, helps body absorb mineral calcium.
calcium- found in milk and dairy products, helps keep bones strong.
what is water used for
prevent dehydration
where is water found
most liquids and foods
what is fiber used for
aid the digestive system
where is fiber found
cereal
nuts
vegetables
define ‘protein intake’
taking in protein as soon as possible after exercise to increase protein synthesis and muscle growth/repair.
give 3 examples of athletes who do protein intake
sprinters
hammer throwers
power lifters
what is carbohydrate loading done for
to increase amount of carbohydrate stored as glycogen in the muscles, meaning more energy for performers.
how many days before an event can carbohydrate loading be done
1-4 days
how is carbohydrate loading done
the athlete reduces amount of exercise and reduces their intake of fiber and eat a high-carb diet 1-4 days before an event, leading to an increase in glycogen stores in the muscles, enabling optimum performance for longer.
Note 
Flashcard (90)