Rights and protest (IB)

What was the result of the Brown v. Board of Education ruling in 1954?

The Supreme Court ruled racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.

What event sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955?

Rosa Parks' arrest for refusing to give up her bus seat.

What was the main goal of the Freedom Summer in 1964?

To increase Black voter registration in Mississippi.

What significant law did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlaw?

Racial discrimination in public spaces, workplaces, and schools.

What was the impact of the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

Within two years, Black voter registration in the South exceeded 50%.

Who was a prominent leader of the Montgomery Bus Boycott and co-founder of the SCLC?

Martin Luther King Jr.

What was the Southern Manifesto?

A document signed by southern legislators vowing to resist school desegregation.

What did the NAACP do in relation to Brown v. Board of Education?

Played a critical role in the legal challenges that led to the ruling.

What did the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) use to suppress voter registration efforts?

Violence and intimidation

How did President Eisenhower respond during the Little Rock Crisis in 1957?

He deployed U.S. Army troops to escort Black students into the school.

What was the significance of the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960?

It led to a shift towards armed resistance against apartheid.

What was the primary aim of the Defiance Campaign organized by the ANC in 1952?

Peaceful protests against apartheid laws.

Who was assassinated in 1965 and advocated for Black nationalism?

Malcolm X

What was the main focus of the Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)?

Sabotage against government infrastructure as an armed wing of the ANC.

What was one effect of the apartheid legislation in South Africa?

Forced removals of families based on racial classification.

Which act required Non-whites in South Africa to carry identification permits in urban areas?

Pass Laws Act (1952)