Unit 2 y11 Population and Resource issues in 21st century

Birth rate / fertility rate

number of live births per thousand of population per year.

Infant mortality

number of deaths of children under 1 year of age per 1,000 live births

life expectency

average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions

Death rate

number of deaths each year per 1,000 people

Natural increase rate

percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the total birth rate minus the total death rate

Demographic transition Model

sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates through time.

+ It

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Dependency ratio

number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force (the number of people dependent on the care from the number of people who work and provide care)

youth dependency ratio

the ratio of the youth population (ages 0-14) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high youth dependency ratio indicates that a country will be spending more on schooling and other services for children.

old-age dependency ratio

ratio of the elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). Increases in the elderly dependency ratio put added pressure on governments to fund pensions and healthcare.

population distribution

how people are spread out across an area

sparse vs. dense

few people/lot of crowded people

population density

measurement of the number of people per given unit of land (ex. number of people per square kilometre)

human factor 1

economic:

Dense:

• close to ports - Sydney

• good roads and railways

human factor 2

physical factor 1

physical factor 2

physical factor 3